Monuments vus du ciel. Les apports de la photographie aérienne à l’urbanisme de Tritium Autrigonum (Monasterio de Rodilla, Burgos)
(pp. 327-343, 22/06/2026)
LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Abrupt shifts in the Gironde fish community: an indicator of ecological changes in an estuarine ecosystem
For decades, global climate change has directly and indirectly affected the structure and function of ecosystems. Abrupt changes in biodiversity have been observed in response to linear or sudden modifications to the environment. These abrupt shifts can cause long-term reorganizations within ecosystems, with communities exhibiting new functional responses to environmental factors. Over the last 3 decades, the Gironde estuary in southwest France has experienced 2 abrupt shifts in both the physical and chemical environments and the pelagic community. Rather than describing these shifts and their origins, we focused on the 3 inter-shift periods, describing the structure of the fish community and its relationship with the environment during these periods. We described fish biodiversity using a limited set of descriptors, taking into account both species composition and relative species abundances. Inter-shift ecosystem states were defined based on the relationship between this description and the hydro-physico-chemical variables and climatic indices defining the main features of the environment. This relationship was described using generalized linear mixed models on the entire time series and for each inter-shift period. Our results indicate that (1) the fish community structure has been significantly modified, (2) environmental drivers influencing fish diversity have changed during these 3 periods, and (3) the fish-environment relationships have been modified over time. From this, we conclude a regime shift has occurred in the Gironde estuary. We also highlight that anthropogenic influences have increased, which re-emphasizes the importance of local management in maintaining fish diversity and associated goods and services within the context of climate change.
(Marine Ecology Progress Series. vol. 549, n° 0171-8630, pp. 137-151, 22/06/2026)
UR EABX, IRSTEA, IFREMER, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Unprecedented coring performance with the upgraded Research Vessel Marion Dufresne
(Past Global Changes Magazine. vol. 24, n° 2411-605X, pp. 27, 22/06/2026)
CLIMAG, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, CNRS, PALEOCEAN, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Monitoring the state of the spawning ground for future return of Acipenser sturio in the Gironde
Cette présentation synthétise les résultats des effets des contaminants organiques et minéraux présents sur les frayères et évalue la tolérance oxy-thermique des embryons et jeunes larves
(pp. 29, 22/06/2026)
UR EABX, IRSTEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INRA
Les brusques périodes de réchauffement qui ont affecté le Saalien Supérieur entre 130 et 190 ka n'étaient certainement pas liées au bilan carbone des Néandertaliens
(pp. 31-32, 22/06/2026)
CReAAH, UM, UR, UR2, CNRS, UFR HHAA, UN, MC, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
The expansion of Central and Northern European Neolithic populations was associated with a multi-century warm winter and wetter climate
It is still debated whether climate changes had an impact on the emergence, spread, and disappearance of early production-based (Neolithic) adaptations. To date, and despite the incorporation of various paleoclimatic proxies, there exists no spatial reconstruction of the regional impact of the North Atlantic cooling events on Central-Western European climate and environments during the early Holocene. In order to address these two issues, we estimated seasonal and annual temperature and precipitation from a marine pollen record from Trondheimsfjord (central Norway) along with 68 pollen records distributed across Central-Western Europe for the time period associated with the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) cultural tradition, 7600-6900 yr cal. BP. Two distinct vegetation-derived rapid, <100 years, climate changes, contemporaneous with reduced warm Atlantic water (AW) inflow and winter storminess in the northern North Atlantic, bracket the expansion of the LBK. The geographic expansion of LBK populations appears to coincide with winter warming by ca. 2.5 degrees C on average, and an increase in summer and winter precipitation, while its decline is associated with decreases in winter temperature, by similar to 1.5 degrees C on average, and summer rainfall. Our results confirm that LBK subsistence practices were well-adapted to wet and relatively warm winters and cool summers, which are favorable to some cultigens, such as einkorn. This is in contrast to the hypothesis that cooler and wetter climatic conditions would induce increased instability of agricultural communities leading to the decline of LBK populations.
(The Holocene. vol. 26, n° 0959-6836, pp. 1188--1199, 22/06/2026)
EPHE, PSL, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, PACEA, UB, CNRS, CReAAH, UM, UR, UR2, CNRS, UFR HHAA, UN, MC, MCC
Evaluation of spectral methods for high-frequency multiannual time series in coastal transitional waters: advantages of combined analyses: Tests of spectral analysis on coastal time series
High-frequency monitoring is currently a major component in the management and research of the coastal system responses to ongoing global changes. This monitoring is essential in tidal systems to address the multiscale variability of physico-chemical parameters. The analysis of the resulting multiscale, nonlinear, non-stationary and noisy time series requires adequate techniques; however, to date, there are no standardized methods. Spectral methods might be useful tools to reveal the main variability time scales, and thus their associated forcings. The most widely used methods in coastal systems are Lomb-Scargle Periodogram (LSP), Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA), Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), but their relevance for high-frequency, long-term records is still largely unexplored. In this article, these spectral methods are tested and compared using a high-frequency 10-yr turbidity dataset in the Gironde estuary. Advantages and limitations of each method are evaluated on the basis of five criteria: (1) efficiency for incomplete time series, (2) appropriateness for time-varying analysis, (3) ability to recognize processes without complementary environmental variables, (4) capacity to calculate the relative importance of forcings, and (5) capacity to identify long-term trends. SSA is the only analysis method to satisfy all the criteria, even with 70% missing data. Combining methods is also a promising strategy; i.e., SSA1LSP for better recognition of processes; CWT1SSA and EMD1CWT for short-term (seasonal) and long-term (>1 yr) analysis, respectively. The purpose of this methodological framework is to serve as a reference for future postprocessing of data from monitoring programs in coastal waters.
(Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. vol. 14, n° 1541-5856, pp. 381-396, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Potential exposure routes and accumulation kinetics for poly- and perfluorinated alkyl compounds for a freshwater amphipod: Gammarus spp. (Crustacea)
Gammarids were exposed to sediments from a deposition site located on the Rh^one River (France) downstream of a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant. Gammarids accumulated to various extents four long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) from C9 to C13, one sulfonate, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and three of its precursors (the perflurooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), the N-methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (MeFOSAA), the N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA) and the 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA). Whatever the compound, the steady state was not achieved after a 3-week exposure; elimination was almost complete after a 3-week depuration period for perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), PFOS, the three precursors and the 6:2FTSA. However, this was not the case for long-chain PFCAs, whose elimination rates decreased with increasing chain length. PFAS accumulation in gammarids occurred via the trophic and respiratory pathways, in proportions varying with the carbon chain length and the terminal moiety.
(Chemosphere. vol. 155, n° 0045-6535, pp. 380-387, 22/06/2026)
UR MALY, IRSTEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Paradoxical cold conditions during the medieval climate anomaly in the Western Arctic
In the Northern Hemisphere, most mountain glaciers experienced their largest extent in the last millennium during the Little Ice Age (1450 to 1850 CE, LIA), a period marked by colder hemispheric temperatures than the Medieval Climate Anomaly (950 to 1250 CE, MCA), a period which coincided with glacier retreat. Here, we present a new moraine chronology based on 36Cl surface exposure dating from Lyngmarksbræen glacier, West Greenland. Consistent with other glaciers in the western Arctic, Lyngmarksbræen glacier experienced several advances during the last millennium, the first one at the end of the MCA, in ~1200 CE, was of similar amplitude to two other advances during the LIA. In the absence of any significant changes in accumulation records from South Greenland ice cores, we attribute this expansion to multi-decadal summer cooling likely driven by volcanic and/or solar forcing, and associated regional sea-ice feedbacks. Such regional multi-decadal cold conditions at the end of the MCA are neither resolved in temperature reconstructions from other parts of the Northern Hemisphere, nor captured in last millennium climate simulations.
(Scientific Reports. vol. 6, n° 2045-2322, pp. 32984, 22/06/2026)
LGP, UP1, UPEC UP12, CNRS, OSUG, Grenoble INP, INSU - CNRS, IRSTEA, USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry], CNRS, UGA [2016-2019], LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, GLACCIOS, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CEREGE, IRD, INRA, AMU, CdF (institution), INSU - CNRS, CNRS, MMU
Benthic stable isotope variability in the Trondheimsfjord during the last 50 years: Proxy records of mixing dynamics related to NAO
Benthic stable isotopes (d 18 O c and d 13 C c) in the Trondheimsfjord reliably reflect the prevailing hydrological conditions with regard to the distance to the fjord entrance and the local topography. At the fjord entrance the d 18 O c and d 13 C c variabilities record changes in the temperature of the North Atlantic Current (NAC), and in the delivery of terrigenous organic matter by the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC) and the fjord estuarine circulation, respectively. In the inner fjord basins, the benthic stable isotope compositions are predominantly controlled by hydrological characteristics linked to internal mixing and the prevailing wind pattern. The fjord deep basins are relatively sheltered from erosion and both land and marine-derived sediments accumulate at very high rates indicating past regional climate and associated driving parameters. In the present study we discuss the recent variability (last 55 years) of the stable isotope compositions (oxygen and carbon) measured in calcite shells of the benthic foraminiferan Mel-onis barleeanus with regard to the changing influence of marine versus fresh water inputs and of the prevailing wind patterns. The relative influence of marine versus continental waters were analysed as well as the complex topography and the related hydrology of the Trondheimsfjord using sediment cores collected in three different settings along the fjord axis. The variability the of stable isotope compositions obtained from the sedimentary archives is compared with in situ instrumental measurements over the investigated time interval.
(Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. vol. 172, n° 0272-7714, pp. 34-46, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, BGR, UiT