From legacy pollutants to emerging contaminants: recent inputs from the 2018 conference of EcoBIM network
(Environmental Science and Pollution Research. vol. 27, n° 0944-1344, pp. 3545–3546, 22/06/2026)
LEMAR, IRD, IFREMER, UBO EPE, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UQAR
Learning from the past: Impact of the Arctic Oscillation on sea ice and marine productivity off northwest Greenland over the last 9,000 years
Climate warming is rapidly reshaping the Arctic cryosphere and ocean conditions, with consequences for sea ice and pelagic productivity patterns affecting the entire marine food web. To predict how ongoing changes will impact Arctic marine ecosystems, concerted effort from various disciplines is required. Here, we contribute multi-decadal reconstructions of changes in diatom production and sea-ice conditions in relation to Holocene climate and ocean conditions off Northwest Greenland. Our multiproxy study includes diatoms, sea-ice biomarkers (IP 25 and HBI III) and geochemical tracers (TOC, TOC:TN, δ 13 C, δ 15 N) from a sediment core record spanning the last ca. 9000 years. Our results suggest that the balance between the outflow of polar water from the Arctic, and input of Atlantic water from the Irminger Current into the West Greenland Current is a key factor in controlling sea-ice conditions, and both diatom phenology and production in northeastern Baffin Bay. Our proxy record notably shows that changes in sea-surface conditions initially forced by Neoglacial cooling were dynamically amplified by the shift in the dominant phase of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) mode that occurred at ca. 3000 yrs BP, and caused drastic changes in community composition and a decline in diatom production at the study site. In the future, with projected dominant positive AO conditions favored by Arctic warming, increased water column stratification may counteract the positive effect of a longer open-water growth season and negatively impact diatom production.
(Global Change Biology, n° 1354-1013, 22/06/2026)
UNB, GEUS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, ULaval, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Variability of hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity in the Landes maritime pine forest: results from the LANDEX campaign 2017
Total hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity measurements were conducted during the LANDEX intensive field campaign in a coniferous temperate forest located in the Lan-des area, southwestern France, during July 2017. In order to investigate inter-canopy and intra-canopy variability, measurements were performed inside (6 m) and above the canopy level (12 m), as well as at two different locations within the canopy, using a comparative reactivity method (CRM) and a laser photolysis-laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) instrument. The two techniques were intercompared at the end of the campaign by performing measurements at the same location. Volatile organic compounds were also monitored at both levels with a proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometer and online gas chromatography instruments to evaluate their contribution to total OH reactivity, with monoterpenes being the main reactive species emitted in this forest dominated by Pinus pinaster Aiton. Total OH reactivity varied diurnally, following the trend of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), the emissions and concentrations of which were dependent on meteorological parameters. Average OH reactivity was around 19.2 and 16.5 s −1 inside and above the canopy, respectively. The highest levels of total OH reactivity were observed during nights with a low turbulence (u * ≤ 0.2 m s −1), leading to lower mixing of emitted species within the canopy and thus an important vertical stratification characterized by a strong concentration gradient. Comparing the measured and the calculated OH reactivity highlighted an average missing OH reactivity of 22 % and 33 % inside and above the canopy, respectively. A day-night variability was observed on missing OH reactivity at both heights. Investigations showed that during daytime, missing OH sinks could be due to primary emissions and secondary products linked to a temperature-enhanced photochemistry. Regarding nighttime missing OH reactivity, higher levels were seen for the stable and warm night of 4-5 July, showing that these conditions could have been favorable for the accumulation of long-lived species (primary and secondary species) during the transport of the air mass from nearby forests.
(Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. vol. 20, n° 1680-7316, pp. 1277-1300, 22/06/2026)
LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, PC2A, CNRS, CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe, IMT Nord Europe, IMT, IMT Lille Douai, IMT, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CAE, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA
New insights in the biogeographical distributions of two Spionidae (Annelida) from the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean French coasts
We report the first occurrences of Spiophanes afer Meißner, 2005 and Prionospio cristaventralis Delgado-Blas, Díaz-Díaz & Viéitez, 2018 from French marine waters (from the southern part of the Bay of Biscay in NE Atlantic, and the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea). Morphological characters of S. afer include the presence of an occipital antenna, dorsal ciliated organs extending to chaetigers 13–15, neuropodial hooks from chaetiger 15, ventrolateral intersegmental pouches from chaetigers 14–15, chaetal spreaders of “2+3 type”, and conspicuous dark brown pigmentation on parapodia of chaetigers 9–13. Prionospio cristaventralis has four pairs of branchiae (1st and 4th pinnate, 2nd and 3rd apinnate), ventral crests from chaetigers 11–12, high dorsal crests on chaetigers 10–11, and very large notopodial prechaetal lamellae on anterior chaetigers. Both records represent northern extensions of their known distributions. However, the presence of S. afer on French coasts may have been overlooked for several decades. The validity of the recently proposed Spiophanes adriaticus is questioned.
(Zoosymposia. vol. 19, n° 1178-9905, pp. 173-184, 22/06/2026)
LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LECOB, SU, CNRS, OOB, SU, CNRS, SFN
Combination of insolation and ice-sheet forcing drive enhanced humidity in northern subtropical regions during MIS 13
Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 13, ∼533-478 ka, has received particular attention due to the unexpected enhancement of monsoon systems under a cool climate characterized by lower atmospheric CO2 and larger ice volume than many other interglacials. Key questions remain about its regional expression (intensity, climate variability, length), and underlying forcing factors, in particular at the mid-latitudes. Here we examine the SW Iberian vegetation, terrestrial climate and sea surface temperature (SST) variability during MIS 13 by combining pollen and biomarker data from IODP Site U1385 with climate-model experiments. We show, for the first time, that despite strong precessional forcing, MIS 13 stands out for its large forest expansions with a reduced Mediterranean character alternating with muted forest contractions, indicating that this stage is marked by a cool-temperate climate regime with high levels of humidity. Results of our data-model comparison reveal that MIS 13 orbitally driven SW Iberian climate and vegetation changes are modulated by the relatively strong ice-sheet forcing. We find that the Northern Hemisphere ice-sheets prescribed at the MIS 13 climate optimum reinforce the insolation effect by increasing the tree fraction and both winter and summer precipitation. We propose that the interactions between ice-sheets and major atmospheric circulation systems may have resulted in the persistent influence of the mid-latitude cells over the SW Iberian region, which led to intensified moisture availability and reduced seasonality, and, in turn, to a pronounced expansion of the temperate forest.
(Quaternary Science Reviews. vol. 247, n° 0277-3791, 22/06/2026)
EPHE, PSL, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Idunella bacheleti sp. nov., a new Liljeborgiidae species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Capbreton Canyon (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic Ocean)
During the third cruise of the BIOMIN project (BIOMIN-3) in the Capbreton Canyon (Bay of Biscay), a single male of a new species of Idunella was collected. This new species is characterized by the particular shape of gnathopods and number of teeth on pleonites. An identification key for Idunella species from North- East Atlantic and Mediterranean is provided.
(Cahiers de Biologie Marine, n° 0007-9723, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Carte 14. Salle Hillaire (Partie sud)
This first volume of Monographie de la grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc presents a reasoned inventory of the information contained in the cave in the form of an atlas. While this type of publication may seem unusual, the dimensions of the cave, the morphology of the chambers and galleries that compart-mentalize its space, as well as the inscription of artworks in its underground landscape, are all invitations to reflect upon, study and structure our knowledge of the cave using a cartographic approach. The progressive presentation of the Atlas de la grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc enables us to address, in the most neutral manner possible, the complexity and factual richness, often emphasized, of this underground sanctuary.The proposed itinerary, close to that of the current path of the walkways from the entrance to the end of the cavity, invites us to discover the cave via twenty maps extracted from the integrated map of the cave floors. Moving through the cave and into its smallest and most intimate spaces, each person can shape their reading according to their interests. The visit to each of the twenty zones is organized according to the same narrative structure. The first page, accompa-nied by a panoramic photograph, presents the main charac-teristics of the zone and the themes that will be addressed. Depending on the sectors, the archaeology, paleontology, geology, speleogenesis or underground landscape is empha-sized. The second and third pages are positioned opposite each other and are designed to interact. The second page presents the integrated map reproduced at the 1:100 scale. Below it, a thumbnail representation enables the reader to identify the location of the map within the cave. A small map at the 1:300 scale presents the cave floor in 3D and shows the location, feature and artwork designations, the permanent and temporary paths installed for observations, as well as the camera angles and the position of the longitudinal profile of the zone. A synoptic figure shows the relative representation of each of the research domains in the map zone. The pages that follow provide an initial synthesis of the observations and research in progress. These aspects will be presented in detail in the succeeding volumes of the Atlas de la grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc.
(. vol. 1, pp. 249-254, 22/06/2026)
TRACES, EHESS, UT2J, Comue de Toulouse, MCC, Inrap, CNRS, MCC, LGL-TPE, ENS de Lyon, UCBL, INSU - CNRS, UJM, UJM EPE, CNRS, PACEA, UB, CNRS, LAMPEA, AMU, CNRS, MC, MSHS-T, CNRS, Comue de Toulouse, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Quasagro - Gestion agronomique des sols et des résidus : quels impacts sur la qualité sanitaire des productions végétales de grande culture ?
En relation avec la qualité sanitaire des produits de la récolte, le projet Quasagro visait à valider des éléments de gestion globale des risques multicontaminants (mycotoxines, éléments-traces métalliques et résidus de pesticides) associés aux facteurs environnementaux et aux pratiques agronomiques en grandes cultures (blé tendre, blé dur et tournesol) par analyse multifactorielle : effets pédoclimatiques, résidus de culture, intrants et apports de matière organique. Il s’est appuyé sur le réseau national de parcelles Quasaprove, renforcé par des essais plein champ existants. Par une approche sans a priori, des modèles statistiques ont été testés sur le blé tendre, à partir de paramètres pédologiques ou climatiques. Aucun modèle ne s’est révélé suffisamment prédictif. Nous avons également cherché si certaines pratiques entraînaient des différences de concentration dans les végétaux. Il est apparu qu’il n’y a pas de différence entre les parcelles labourées et non labourées, en fonction du type de fertilisation, ou en fonction du précédent ou de l’usage d’un CIPAN. Aucune différence n’est apparue non plus entre les parcelles conduites en agriculture biologique ou en agriculture conventionnelle. Quelle que soit la culture, l'équilibre est déterminé par le type de fertilisation. Dans le cas de la fertilisation uniquement azotée (ammonitrate), le bilan est toujours négatif. Dans le cas de la fertilisation organique en agriculture biologique, le bilan est toujours positif et le sol accumule les éléments-traces. Dans le cas de l'agriculture conventionnelle avec fertilisation NPK, le bilan est positif pour l'arsenic, le cadmium et le plomb, et négatif pour le cuivre et le zinc. L’exportation des pailles, qui génère un flux d’exportation relativement faible, ne change pas ces conclusions. Sur les parcelles étudiées, les niveaux de concentration cumulés observés s’échelonnent du sub-ng/g à la centaine de ng/g (ps) dans les sols. Les concentrations cumulées maximales en agriculture biologique sont de l’ordre de la dizaine de ng/g. Par comparaison des itinéraires techniques conventionnel/biologique, les herbicides sont présents de façon marquée en conventionnel et quasi absents en biologique ; les fongicides sont présents en biologique à des concentrations supérieures aux limites de quantification et les niveaux de fongicides sont relativement similaires en biologique et en conventionnel dit raisonné. La présence notable de pesticides rémanents (e.g. époxiconazole dont les derniers traitements dataient de plusieurs années) a également été mise en évidence. Le devenir des pesticides dans l’environnement est conditionné par leur comportement dans les sols. L’interaction entre divers processus régissant leur devenir (rétention, dégradation, transfert) va conditionner entre autres leur persistance (ou rémanence). Plus particulièrement, les processus de dégradation des pesticides contribuent à diminuer cette persistance. Le potentiel de biodégradation microbienne dépend ainsi des molécules (toxicité intrinsèque, capacité d’adsorption au sol), de facteurs pédoclimatiques (type d’argiles, matière organique, température et humidité), de facteurs microbiens tels que la biomasse globale et la présence de micro-organismes adaptés à certaines molécules (ex: isoproturon, 2,4-D) et des historiques de traitement (fréquence de traitement). D’une manière générale, il semble que les systèmes bas intrants favorisent l’activité microbienne des sols, par rapport aux systèmes conventionnels.
(Innovations Agronomiques. vol. 79, n° 1958-5853, pp. 121-146, 22/06/2026)
Acta, UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ECOSYS, INRAE, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, MycSA, INRAE, ITAB, ARVALIS
Sensitivity to cadmium of the endangered freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera from the Dronne River (France): experimental exposure
Margaritifera margaritifera is a critically endangered species in Europe. Among the causes explaining its decline, metal pollution had never been deeply studied. Thus, an ecotoxicological investigation was developed on this species which comes from the Dronne River (South-West of France). Cadmium (Cd) exposure of mussels at 2 and 5 μg/L for 7 days was conducted to test their vulnerability to this metal, and also the potential endocrine disruption power of Cd. Morphometric analyses, gonad histological observations, metal bioaccumulation, metallothionein (MTs) production, measures of malondialdehyde (MDA), and finally quantitative relative expression analysis of genes involved in various metabolic functions were performed. The main results showed Cd accumulation increasing in a dose-dependent manner, especially in the gills. The same trend was observed for gene expression relative to oxidative stress. Histological analysis of the gonads highlighted a predominance of hermaphrodite individuals, but after 7 days of exposure to Cd, the percentage of female was largely increased compared with controls, from 17 to 33%. These results demonstrate the endocrine disruption effect of Cd on freshwater pearl mussels.
(Environmental Science and Pollution Research. vol. 27, n° 0944-1344, pp. 3715-3725, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Ecological succession and resilience of plankton recovering from an acute disturbance in freshwater marshes
The increase in extreme events such as storms is one of the major threats that coastal ecosystems will have to face in the near future. In such a context, both maturation and ecological successions processes remain at the core of ecology to better anticipate the changes to ecosystem biodiversity and functions facing environmental stressors. However, these concepts are mainly approached through closed experimental studies that oversimplify the mechanisms. A survey was carried out on a ‘natural’ and open ecosystem subjected to an acute disturbance, i.e. a marine submersion of freshwater drained marshes, occurring after a storm. Plankton biomass, production and taxonomic/functional phytoplankton diversity were followed weekly at four stations over 2 months. Most of the stations were disrupted by this acute disturbance and displayed gradual growth and development, as described in the classical maturation process. The main differences between stations were attributed to the heterogeneity of the communities before the storm, the intensity of the disturbance and the different human actions performed to recover the freshwater environment. The concept of ‘ecological resilience’ was thus better suited than ‘engineering resilience’ for such open systems facing constant fluctuations in environmental drivers. With regard to ecological succession, the more impacted stations were marked by a significant change in taxonomic beta-diversity, with numerous stochastic processes, due to taxa dispersion. They first exhibited a convergence in functional traits due to the increase in nutrient availability drained from the catchment basin and then an increase in divergence when nutrients became limited.
(Science of the Total Environment. vol. 709, n° 0048-9697, pp. 135997, 22/06/2026)
LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UNIMA, DIACT