Estrogenic activity of surface waters using zebrafish- and human-based in vitro assays : The Danube as a case-study
Most in vitro reporter gene assays used to assess estrogenic contamination are based on human estrogen receptor α (hERα) activation. However, fish bioassays can have distinct response to estrogenic chemicals and mixtures, questioning the relevance of human-based bioassays for assessing risk to this species. In this study, zebrafish liver cells stably expressing zebrafish ERβ2 (ZELHβ2) and human breast cancer cells expressing hERα (MELN) were used to quantify the estrogenic activity of 25 surface water samples of the Danube River, for which chemicals have been previously quantified. Most samples had a low estrogenic activity below 0.1 ng/L 17β-estradiol-equivalents that was more often detected by MELN cells, while ZELHβ2 response tend to be lower than predicted based on the chemicals identified. Nevertheless, both bioassays quantified well a higher estrogenic activity at two sites, which was confirmed in vivo using a transgenic zebrafish assay. The results are discussed considering the effect-based trigger values proposed for water quality monitoring.
(Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. vol. 78, n° 1382-6689, pp. art. 103401, 22/06/2026)
SEBIO, INERIS, URCA, ULH, NU, URCA, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INERIS, LPTC, UB, CNRS, UFZ, RWTH Aachen
Extreme Wave Events on Barrier Reefs: A Driver for Critical Regime?
This paper describes the hydrodynamic regimes reached over barrier reefs during extreme wave events. The study is based on a combined approach relying, on one hand, on an extensive in-situ experiment over the Ouano reef-lagoon system, New Caledonia and, on the other hand, on wave-resolving numerical modeling.
(Journal of Coastal Research. vol. 95, n° 0749-0208, pp. 654-658, 22/06/2026)
SIAME, UPPA, MIO, IRD, AMU, INSU - CNRS, UTLN, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INSU - CNRS, UM, CNRS, UA, LOPS, IRD, IFREMER, INSU - CNRS, UBO EPE, CNRS
Organotropism and biomarker response in oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to platinum in seawater
Platinum (Pt) is a technology critical element (TCE) for which biogeochemical cycles are still poorly understood. This lack of knowledge includes Pt effects on marine organisms, which proved to be able to bioconcentrate this trace element. Oysters Crassostrea gigas were exposed to stable Pt isotope spiked daily in seawater for 35 days. Seawater was renewed daily and spiked (with Pt(IV)) to three nominal Pt concentrations (50, 100, and 10,000 ng L−1) for two replicate series. Organotropism study revealed that gills, and to a lesser extent mantle, are the key organs regarding Pt accumulation, although a time- and concentration-dependent linear increase in Pt levels occurred in all the organs investigated (i.e., digestive gland, gonads, gills, mantle, and muscle). In oysters exposed to Pt concentrations of 10,000 ng L−1, significant biomarker impairments occurred, especially at cellular levels. They reflect altered lipofuscin and neutral lipid contents, as well as intralysosomal metal accumulation. These observations were attributed to activation of excretion/detoxification mechanisms, including Pt elimination through feces and clearly support the importance of the digestive gland in the response to direct Pt exposure. Despite relatively constant condition index, the integrative biological response (IBR) index suggests a generally decreasing health status of oysters
(Environmental Science and Pollution Research. vol. 27, n° 0944-1344, pp. 3584-3599, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UPV / EHU
Does parasitism influence sediment stability? Evaluation of trait-mediated effects of the trematode Bucephalus minimus on the key role of cockles Cerastoderma edule in sediment erosion dynamics
In coastal environments, bioturbators greatly influence the physical and biogeochemical properties of sediments with consequences for central ecological processes such as erosion dynamics. In addition to their direct impact on sediment stability, bioturbators can have an impact on sediment erosion processes by modulating the growth of microphytobenthic organisms that stabilise the surface layer of sediments. The direct and indirect influences of bioturbators on sediment dynamics depend on the magnitude of their activity and inherently on their physiological state. Bioturbators are infected by various parasites, which have a substantial impact on their physiology and behaviour. However, the knock-on effects of parasites on key ecosystem functions like sediment dynamics remain poorly studied. We conducted flume experiments to investigate the indirect influence of the trematode Bucephalus minimus parasitising the common cockle Cerastoderma edule on the dynamics of sandy sediments enriched or not with microphytobenthos (MPB). Cockles modified bed roughness, sediment surface erodibility and hence destabilised sandy sediments. In sediments not enriched with MPB, both unparasitised and parasitised organisms had a similar impact on the stability of sandy sediments. In contrast, parasitism slightly reduced the destabilisation effect of cockles in MPB-enriched sediments. In the latter, parasitised cockles did not interfere with MPB growth whereas unparasitised organisms constrained the microalgae development. However, the enrichment of the surface layers of sandy sediments with MPB did not modulate the erosion dynamics of these environments. Thus, the lower destabilisation effect of parasitised cockles was not here linked to a stabilisation effect of MPB. When standardised for length, parasitised cockles were lighter than unparasitised organisms. Weakened cockles may have had a lower bioturbation potential than unparasitised conspecifics. If so, the influence parasitised cockles had on sediment erodibility and sediment roughness may have been reduced. The absence of a parasitism effect on the dynamics of MPB-unenriched sediments remains nonetheless unclear.
(Science of the Total Environment. vol. 733, n° 0048-9697, pp. 139307, 22/06/2026)
BOREA, UNICAEN, NU, MNHN, IRD, SU, CNRS, UA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CHRU Besançon
Seismo‐Turbidites in Aysén Fjord (Southern Chile) Reveal a Complex Pattern of Rupture Modes Along the 1960 Megathrust Earthquake Segment
Grainsize analysis and end-member modeling of a long sediment core from Aysen Fjord (southern Chile) allows to identify over 25 seismo-turbidites in the last 9,000 years. Considering the shaking intensities required to trigger these turbidites (V1/2-VI1/2), the majority can be related to megathrust earthquakes. Multiple studies in south-central Chile have aimed at finding traces of giant, tsunamigenic megathrust earthquakes leading to the current 5,500-year-long paleoseismological record of the Valdivia segment. However, none of these cover the southern third of the segment. Aysen Fjord allows to fill this data gap and presents the first, crucial paleoseismic data to demonstrate that the 1960 event was not unique for the Valdivia segment, yielding a recurrence rate of 321 116 years in the last two millennia. Moreover, the oldest identified events in Aysen Fjord date back to 9,000 cal years BP and, thus, also extend the regional paleoseismological record in time. We infer a large temporal variability in rupture modes, with successions of full-segment ruptures alternating with partial and cascading ruptures. The latter seems to significantly postpone the occurrence of another full rupture when consecutively occurring in different parts of the segment. Additionally, one outstanding period of seismic quiescence-during which no megathrust earthquake evidence has been found at any paleoseismic site-occurred after a full rupture in AD similar to 745 that presents an unusual uplift/subsidence pattern. Such variability makes it highly speculative to anticipate the rupture mode of the next megathrust earthquake along the Valdivia segment.
(Journal of Geophysical Research : Solid Earth. vol. 125, n° 2169-9313, 22/06/2026)
UGent, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, CLIMAG, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, GEOPS, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UB
Collateral diseases: Aquaculture impacts on wildlife infections
Aquaculture is a promising source of fish and other aquatic organisms to ensure human food security but it comes at the price of diverse environmental impacts. Among others, these include diseases which often thrive under the conditions in aquaculture settings and can cause high economic losses. These diseases may also affect wildlife, however, the impacts of aquaculture on disease dynamics in wild species in surrounding ecosystems are poorly understood. In this Review, we provide a conceptual framework for studying the effects of aquaculture on wildlife diseases, and illustrate the different mechanisms identified with examples from the literature. In addition, we highlight further research needs and provide recommendations for management and policy. We identified five potential means by which farmed populations may alter wildlife disease dynamics: (a) farmed species may co-introduce parasites to the new environment, which infect wild conspecifics without infecting other species (intraspecific parasite spillover); (b) these co-introduced parasites from farmed species may infect other wild host species potentially leading to emerging diseases (interspecific parasite spillover); (c) parasites from other wild host species may infect farmed species, amplifying parasite numbers and increasing parasite infections when spilling back to wild hosts (interspecific parasite spillback); (d) farmed species may acquire parasites from wild conspecifics, increasing parasite population size and subsequently raising infection loads in the wild host population (intraspecific parasite spillback); and (e) farmed species may be neither hosts nor parasites, but affect the transmission of parasites between wild host species (transmission interference). Although these mechanisms can alter wildlife disease dynamics, we found large knowledge gaps regarding collateral disease impacts and strong biases in terms of production countries, aquaculture practices and host taxa. Synthesis and applications. The strong potential for aquaculture to affect the dynamics of diseases in wildlife populations calls for the consideration of collateral disease impacts in risk assessments and biosecurity protocols regarding aquaculture. In particular, comprehensive parasite inventories of both farmed and wild hosts as well as disease monitoring in wildlife surrounding farms will be necessary to increase our knowledge on aquaculture impacts on wildlife disease and to develop adequate prevention and mitigation measures. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Applied Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society
(Journal of Applied Ecology. vol. 58, n° 0021-8901, pp. 453-464, 22/06/2026)
NIOZ, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Variability of hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity in the Landes maritime pine forest: results from the LANDEX campaign 2017
Total hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity measurements were conducted during the LANDEX intensive field campaign in a coniferous temperate forest located in the Lan-des area, southwestern France, during July 2017. In order to investigate inter-canopy and intra-canopy variability, measurements were performed inside (6 m) and above the canopy level (12 m), as well as at two different locations within the canopy, using a comparative reactivity method (CRM) and a laser photolysis-laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) instrument. The two techniques were intercompared at the end of the campaign by performing measurements at the same location. Volatile organic compounds were also monitored at both levels with a proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometer and online gas chromatography instruments to evaluate their contribution to total OH reactivity, with monoterpenes being the main reactive species emitted in this forest dominated by Pinus pinaster Aiton. Total OH reactivity varied diurnally, following the trend of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), the emissions and concentrations of which were dependent on meteorological parameters. Average OH reactivity was around 19.2 and 16.5 s −1 inside and above the canopy, respectively. The highest levels of total OH reactivity were observed during nights with a low turbulence (u * ≤ 0.2 m s −1), leading to lower mixing of emitted species within the canopy and thus an important vertical stratification characterized by a strong concentration gradient. Comparing the measured and the calculated OH reactivity highlighted an average missing OH reactivity of 22 % and 33 % inside and above the canopy, respectively. A day-night variability was observed on missing OH reactivity at both heights. Investigations showed that during daytime, missing OH sinks could be due to primary emissions and secondary products linked to a temperature-enhanced photochemistry. Regarding nighttime missing OH reactivity, higher levels were seen for the stable and warm night of 4-5 July, showing that these conditions could have been favorable for the accumulation of long-lived species (primary and secondary species) during the transport of the air mass from nearby forests.
(Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. vol. 20, n° 1680-7316, pp. 1277-1300, 22/06/2026)
LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, PC2A, CNRS, CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe, IMT Nord Europe, IMT, IMT Lille Douai, IMT, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CAE, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA
New insights in the biogeographical distributions of two Spionidae (Annelida) from the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean French coasts
We report the first occurrences of Spiophanes afer Meißner, 2005 and Prionospio cristaventralis Delgado-Blas, Díaz-Díaz & Viéitez, 2018 from French marine waters (from the southern part of the Bay of Biscay in NE Atlantic, and the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea). Morphological characters of S. afer include the presence of an occipital antenna, dorsal ciliated organs extending to chaetigers 13–15, neuropodial hooks from chaetiger 15, ventrolateral intersegmental pouches from chaetigers 14–15, chaetal spreaders of “2+3 type”, and conspicuous dark brown pigmentation on parapodia of chaetigers 9–13. Prionospio cristaventralis has four pairs of branchiae (1st and 4th pinnate, 2nd and 3rd apinnate), ventral crests from chaetigers 11–12, high dorsal crests on chaetigers 10–11, and very large notopodial prechaetal lamellae on anterior chaetigers. Both records represent northern extensions of their known distributions. However, the presence of S. afer on French coasts may have been overlooked for several decades. The validity of the recently proposed Spiophanes adriaticus is questioned.
(Zoosymposia. vol. 19, n° 1178-9905, pp. 173-184, 22/06/2026)
LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LECOB, SU, CNRS, OOB, SU, CNRS, SFN
Transfer and Transcriptomic Profiling in Liver and Brain of European Eels ( Anguilla anguilla ) After Diet‐borne Exposure to Gold Nanoparticles
A nanometric revolution is underway, promising technical innovations in a wide range of applications and leading to a potential boost in environmental discharges. The propensity of nanoparticles (NPs) to be transferred throughout trophic chains and to generate toxicity was mainly assessed in primary consumers, whereas a lack of knowledge for higher trophic levels persists. The present study focused on a predatory fish, the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) exposed to gold NPs (AuNPs; 10 nm, polyethylene glycol–coated) for 21 d at 3 concentration levels in food: 0 (NP0), 1 (NP1), and 10 (NP10) mg Au kg−1. Transfer was assessed by Au quantification in eel tissues, and transcriptomic responses in the liver and brain were revealed by a high‐throughput RNA‐sequencing approach. Eels fed at NP10 presented an erratic feeding behavior, whereas Au quantification only indicated transfer to intestine and kidney of NP1‐exposed eels. Sequencing of RNA was performed in NP0 and NP1 eels. A total of 258 genes and 156 genes were significantly differentially transcribed in response to AuNP trophic exposure in the liver and brain, respectively. Enrichment analysis highlighted modifications in the immune system–related processes in the liver. In addition, results pointed out a shared response of both organs regarding 13 genes, most of them being involved in immune functions. This finding may shed light on the mode of action and toxicity of AuNPs in fish.
(Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. vol. 39, n° 0730-7268, pp. 2450-2461, 22/06/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, IRSN/PRP-ENV/SERIS, IRSN, GENOTOUL, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse INP, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, INRAE, MIAT INRAE, INRAE, INRAE, GET, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, ICMCB, UB, INC-CNRS, CNRS
Pour un hommage au Professeur Sergueï Gorchkov et une introduction à la géoécologie russe
Cet article est à la fois un témoignage concernant le parcours de vie du professeur Sergei Gorchkov (1932-2018), l’un des pionniers de la géoécologie russe, et l’essai de finalisation d’un article scientifique qu’il avait laissé inachevé. Les deux premières parties, biographiques, révèlent des anecdotes inédites sur la vie de Sergueï Gorchkov, qu’il a lui-même racontées aux auteurs, et elles mettent l’accent sur ses missions de terrain en Sibérie, qui furent le point de départ de ses réflexions sur l’unicité et la globalité de l’environnement géographique. A l’instar de la pédologie pour Dokoutchaev, la science du pergélisol est devenue pour Sergueï Gorchkov le creuset de toutes les composantes environnementales. Pour comprendre l’évolution de la cryolithozone sibérienne, ce géomorphologue intégra les recherches en climatologie, en biogéographie et en hydrologie. Sa collaboration scientifique avec ses collègues géologues le conduisit à étudier les échelles de temps les plus longues et à se passionner pour les paléo-environnements. La troisième partie, directement scientifique, s’attache aux conséquences de la tendance au remplacement de la croûte océanique par la croûte continentale. Ainsi, les sphères inorganiques et biogéniques évoluent en sens opposé. La première se débarrasse de l’excès d’énergie cristallochimique contenue dans la matière inerte du manteau terrestre. La seconde, tout en se complexifiant, augmente son potentiel énergétique lié aux associations minérales du socle métamorphique et à sa couverture sédimentaire riche en énergie solaire accumulée par les facteurs biogéniques. Si l’on considère que la géoécologie doit reposer sur une meilleure compréhension de l’homéostasie de la biosphère, il convient d’étudier ce qui peut-être considéré comme une sorte de résilience du plus haut niveau d’organisation, d’échelle mondiale, à ceci près que la résilience au sens strict conduit à un retour à l’équilibre initial, tandis que l’homéostasie mène à un nouvel équilibre. Par son échelle globale, la fonction homéostatique de biofiltration productive de l’océan domine toutes les autres. Grâce à elle, le rayonnement solaire pénètre dans l’océan. Cette réserve de chaleur est transférée par advection aux masses d’air, qui se déchargent de leur humidité au-dessus des continents et augmentent ainsi la biomasse des écosystèmes terrestres. Les grands fleuves reçoivent et transportent plus de matière organique vers les mers et le cycle continue. La combinaison de la densité du couvert végétal sur les continents, de la production primaire de phytoplancton et de la filtration du zooplancton océanique est au cœur de la fonction homéostatique de la biosphère. Géographiquement, c’est cette zone de contact qui représente l’interface planétaire majeure. Du point de vue de la géomorphologie continentale, il s’agit du milieu marin sous l’influence des embouchures fluviales ; du point de vue de l’océanographie, c’est le filtre marginal (tel que déterminé par l’océanologue russe Lisitsyn). S. Gorchkov écrivait que le « signal intégré » des écosystèmes terrestres et océaniques se trouvait dans ces mers épicontinentales. Cet article y ajoute une comparaison de l’importance des apports en éléments nutritifs par les upwellings et par les grands bassins fluviaux à dense couverture végétale.
(Dynamiques Environnementales - Journal international des géosciences et de l’environnement. vol. 46, n° 1968-469X, pp. 148-183., 22/06/2026)
CEDETE, UO