Investigating beachgoer's perceptions of coastal bathing risks in South-West France
Research has suggested that experts differ from laypeople in their risk judgement. This hypothesis converges with a result often demonstrated in studies of beachgoers, who are shown to be generally unfamiliar with rips and underestimate the associated risks. However, no study has attempted to explicitly compare the perceptions made by beachgoers with those made by lifeguards, who are considered to be the experts in this field. In this presentation, we investigate the difference in risk perceptions by laypeople and lifeguards at a beach located in one of the most dangerous coastlines of France
(04/12/2023)
UR ETTIS, INRAE, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, SMGBL, UB
Projet Phytosol Résidus de pesticides dans les sols français : présence, risques et persistance
À la différence de ce qui est fait pour les milieux aquatiques et l'atmosphère, la surveillance de la contamination des sols par les pesticides n'existe pas à l'échelle du territoire. Or, des travaux récents de chercheurs INRAE, en collaboration avec l'université de Bordeaux, montrent qu'un grand nombre de substances, en quantité importante, y persistent sous forme de résidus. Des résultats parus dans la revue Environmental Science & Technology.
(04/12/2023)
Info&Sols, INRAE, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, LAS, INRAE
Archives sédimentaires : reconstruire les trajectoires temporelles des contaminants
(pp. Dans Baratelli, F., Thiebault, T. (eds), Dynamique des contaminants à l'échelle du bassin versant de la Seine, PIREN-Seine, Rapport de synthèse phase VIII, Volume 9, 2023, pp. 4-34, 01/12/2023)
METIS, EPHE, PSL, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, EPHE, PSL, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, GERS-LEE, GéHCO, UT, NEOLAiA, GEDI, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA
Long-term trends and wave climate variability in the South Atlantic Ocean: the influence of climate indices
Linking wave climate variability and trends with climate indices is important to better understand and predict large-scale patterns of wave variability down to wave conditions at the coast. This study investigates such links in the South Atlantic Ocean using 72 years of ERA5 wave hindcast. Different wave parameters are computed, including storm wave statistics, and are further analyzed in terms of long-term trends and interannual changes. Our results indicate that, over the last decades, wave height has been significantly increasing across the entire domain, while extreme events statistics are also increasing, although with more complex spatial variability. The variations of these wave properties are primarily correlated, from low to high latitudes, with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), Tropical Southern Atlantic Index (TSA) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM), with different preferred timescales. We think that better understanding and predicting the evolution of these climate indices, including under climate change, will be critical to anticipate coastal hazards in this region.
(Regional Studies in Marine Science. vol. 66, n° 2352-4855, pp. 103131, 01/12/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Microscopic charcoals in ocean sediments off Africa track past fire intensity from the continent
Abstract Fires in Africa account for more than half of global fire-carbon emissions but the long-term evolution of fire activity and its link to global climate change remains elusive. Paleofire records provide descriptive information about fire changes through time, going beyond the range of satellite observations, although fire regime characteristics are challenging to reconstruct. To address this conceptual gap, we report here the abundance and morphometric data for a large set of microscopic charcoal samples ( n = 128) recovered from surface ocean sediments offshore Africa. We show that in subtropical Southern Africa, large and intense fires prevailing in open savanna-grassland ecosystems produce a high abundance of small and elongated microcharcoal particles. In contrast, in the forest ecosystems of equatorial and tropical regions of western and central Africa, low-intensity fires dominate, producing low amounts of squared microcharcoal particles. Microcharcoal concentration and morphotype in marine sediment records off Africa are thus indicative of fire regime characteristics. Applied to down-core marine charcoal records, these findings reveal that at orbital time-scale intense and large, open grassland-savanna fires occurred during wet periods in the sub-tropical areas. A strong contribution of fire carbon emissions during periods of precession and summer insolation maxima in the geological record is thus expected.
(Communications Earth & Environment. vol. 4, n° 2662-4435, pp. 133, 01/12/2023)
USV, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CEFE, UPVM, EPHE, PSL, CNRS, IRD [Occitanie], IRD, INRAE, Institut Agro, UM, IMBE, AU, AMU, CNRS, GEO-OCEAN, UBS, IFREMER, INSU - CNRS, UBO EPE, CNRS, MARUM
Is part-night lighting a suitable mitigation strategy to limit Artificial Light at Night effects on the biological rhythm at the behavioral and molecular scales of the oyster Crassostrea gigas?
(Science of the Total Environment. vol. 905, n° 0048-9697, pp. 167052, 01/12/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Les bassins carbonifères-permiens du sud du Bassin parisien et du nord du Massif central
Les bassins carbonifères-permiens du nord du Massif central sont connus historiquement en raison de leurs ressources carbonées (charbon, huiles bitumineuses), raison pour laquelle ils ont été largement étudiés jusque dans les années 1980, avec notamment la fin de l’exploration en France.
(Géochronique. vol. 168, n° 0292-8477, pp. 41-49, 01/12/2023)
BRGM, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, GR, UR, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, BGS, UB, CNRS
Tritiated thymidine induces developmental delay, oxidative stress and gene overexpression in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Tritium is a betta emitter radionuclide. Being an isotope of hydrogen, it is easily transferred to different environmental compartments, and to human and non-human biota. Considering that tritium levels are expected to rise in the upcoming decades with the development of nuclear facilities producing tritium using fission processes, investigating the potential toxicity of tritium to human and non-human biota is necessary. Tritiated thymidine, an organic form of tritium, has been used in this study to assess its toxicity on fish embryo development. Zebrafish embryos (3.5 hpf; hours post fertilization) have been exposed to tritiated thymidine at three different activity concentrations (7.5; 40; 110 kBq/mL) for four days. These experiments highlighted that zebrafish development was affected by the exposure to organic tritium, with smaller larvae at 3 dpf after exposure to the two lowest dose rates (22 and 170 µGy/h), a delayed hatching after exposure to the two highest dose rates (170 and 470 µGy/h), an increase in the spontaneous tail movement (1 dpf) and a decrease in the heartbeat (3 dpf) after exposure to the highest dose rate. The results also highlighted an increase in ROS production in larvae exposed to the intermediate dose rate. A dysregulation of many genes, involved in apoptosis, DNA repair or oxidative stress, was also found after 1 day of exposure to the lowest tritium dose rate. Our results thus suggest that exposure to tritiated thymidine from a dose rate as low as 22 µGy/h can lead to sublethal effects, with an effect on the development, dysregulation of many genes and increase of the ROS production. This paper provides valuable information on toxic effects arising from the exposure of fish to an organic form of tritium, which was the main objective of this study.
(Aquatic Toxicology. vol. 265, n° 0166-445X, pp. 106766, 01/12/2023)
IRSN/PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, IRSN/PSE-ENV/SERPEN, IRSN, IRSN/PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LDRI, IRSN/PSE-SANTE/SDOS, IRSN, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Relative contribution of canopy and soil effects between plants with different metal tolerance along a metal pollution gradient
(Science of the Total Environment. vol. 904, n° 0048-9697, pp. 166905, 01/12/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
First assessment of Rare Earth Element organotropism in Solea solea in a coastal area: The West Gironde Mud Patch (France)
Few studies exist on bioaccumulation and internal distribution of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in marine fishes. REEs organotropism was determined in common sole (Solea solea) from the West Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP; N-E Atlantic Coast, France). The highest REEs concentrations occurred in liver (213 ± 49.8 µg kg -1 DW) and gills (119 ± 77.5 µg kg -1 DW) followed by kidneys (57.7 ± 25.5 µg kg -1 DW), whereas the lowest levels were in muscles (4.38 ± 1.20 µg kg -1 DW) of Solea solea. No significant age-or sex-related differences were observed.
The organotropism varied among groups of REEs. Light and heavy REEs preferentially accumulated in liver and gills, respectively. All considered organs showed different normalized REEs patterns, suggesting differences in internal distribution processes between organs. Further work should address: (1) baseline levels worldwide, and (2) factors controlling uptake and organ-specific bioaccumulation of REEs.
(Marine Pollution Bulletin. vol. 197, n° 0025-326X, pp. 115730, 01/12/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CCEM, IFREMER