Effect of an environmental microplastic mixture from the Seine River and one of the main associated plasticizers, dibutylphthalate, on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor
The aim of this study was to explore the adverse effects of a microplastic (MP) mixture obtained from litter accumulated in the Seine River (France) compared to those of their major co-plasticizer, dibutylphthalate (DBP), on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor. A suite of biomarkers has been investigated to study the impacts of MPs (100 mg kg−1 sediment), DBP (38 μg kg−1 sediment) on worms compared to non-exposed individuals after 4 and 21 days. The antioxidant response, immunity, neurotoxicity and energy and respiratory metabolism were investigated using biomarkers. After 21 days, worms exposed to MPs showed an increasing aerobic metabolism, an enhancement of both antioxidant and neuroimmune responses. Energy-related biomarkers demonstrated that the energy reallocated to the defence system may come from proteins. A similar impact was depicted after DBP exposure, except for neurotoxicity. Our results provide a better understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of environmental MPs and their associated-contaminants on H. diversicolor.
(Marine Environmental Research. vol. 191, n° 0141-1136, pp. 106159, 01/10/2023)
BIOSSE, UCO, BiOSSE, UM, UCO, ECLORE, LEESU, ENPC, UPEC UP12, LEESU, ENPC, UPEC UP12, IMMM, UM, INC-CNRS, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, GERS-LEE
Widespread cooling over West Antarctica and adjacent seas over the past millennium
(Global and Planetary Change. vol. 229, n° 0921-8181, pp. 104237, 01/10/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Reconstruction of annual and seasonal variations in water temperature in the Haute-Dronne River of southwest France based on δ18O records of freshwater pearl mussel shells (M. margaritifera), and its palaeoenvironmental implications
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(Evolving Earth, n° 2950-1172, pp. 100012, 01/10/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, PALEOCEAN, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, CAPENA
Multi-annual and multi-decadal evolution of sediment accretion in a saltmarsh of the French Atlantic coast: Implications for carbon sequestration
Coastal marshes offer natural solutions for adapting to and mitigating the effects of climate change and sea level rise. However, the resilience of the marsh physical system and, with it, the ecosystem services that it provides, is largely site specific. This calls for the increase in the spatial cover of coastal marsh studies in order to assess the controlling factors of marsh evolution, and their long-term carbon storage capacities. Here, we study the spatio-temporal variations in sedimentation rates and organic carbon (OC) sequestration capacity of the macrotidal minerogenic saltmarshes in Aiguillon Bay, belonging to one of the largest French coastal marshes. Supported by aerial photographs and satellite image analysis, we first show that saltmarshes of the Aiguillon Bay have prograded at very high rates, up to 14 m yr−1 since 1950. Sediment accumulation rates (SAR) were estimated at both multi-annual to multi-decadal scales based on two approaches: (i) LiDAR-based digital elevation models from multiple acquisition dates (2010–2021); and (ii) depth profiles of 210Pb in excess and 137Cs in sediment cores collected along cross-shore transects in the saltmarshes. Long-term SAR range from 0.8 to 2.2 cm yr−1 and are among the highest reported worldwide for equivalent systems. The positive accretion balance (accretion rate minus local sea-level rise rate) provides important clues on marsh resilience suggesting that the Aiguillon Bay is currently able to adapt to rising sea level. Despite relatively low organic carbon content (1.3–6.0%), high SAR leads to high carbon sequestration rates (99–345 gC m−2 yr−1; or a mean value of 2.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). The isotopic signature of sediment OC reveals a significant and rapid decomposition of organic material in surface cores, while allochthonous sediment of marine origin dominates the signature of chemically-stable OC of marsh sediments. This implies that the carbon sequestration capacity of minerogenic saltmarshes, such as those of the Pertuis Charentais, also depends upon the wealth of adjacent coastal environments through high sediment supply and primary productivity.
(Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. vol. 293, n° 0272-7714, pp. 108467, 01/10/2023)
LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UNAM, URI
Prokaryotic, Microeukaryotic, and Fungal Composition in a Long-Term Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Brownfield
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are recognized as persistent organic pollutants and accumulate in organisms, soils, waters, and sediments, causing major health and ecological perturbations. Literature reported PCB bio-transformation by fungi and bacteria in vitro, but data about the in situ impact of those compounds on microbial communities remained scarce while being useful to guide biotransformation assays. The present work investigated for the first time microbial diversity from the three-domains-of-life in a long-term contaminated brownfield (a former factory land). Soil samples were ranked according to their PCB concentrations, and a significant increase in abundance was shown according to increased concentrations. Microbial communities structure showed a segregation from the least to the most PCB-polluted samples. Among the identified microorganisms, Bacteria belonging to Gammaproteobacteria class, as well as Fungi affiliated to Saccharomycetes class or Pleurotaceae family, including some species known to transform some PCBs were abundantly retrieved in the highly polluted soil samples.
(Microbial ecology. vol. 86, n° 0095-3628, pp. 1696 - 1708, 01/10/2023)
LEM, UCBL, ENVL, VAS, CNRS, INRAE, LIEC, INSU - CNRS, UL, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, IUF, M.E.N.E.S.R.
Seasonal variability of living benthic foraminifera from the West-Gironde mud patch (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic): Three contrasted periods under the stereomicroscope
Living continental shelf foraminifera were studied at three stations along a shore to open ocean transect between 39-69 m depth in the West-Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP) (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic). The aim of this work was to understand how the complex temporal variability of the environmental conditions (e.g., hydrosedimentary processes, sedimentary organic matter, oxygenation levels) controls foraminiferal ecological patterns (i.e., diversity, faunal composition, standing stock, and microhabitats). The WGMP was sampled during three different seasons (boreal summer-August 2017; winter-February 2018 and spring-April 2018), with very different meteorological patterns and benthic environmental
(Continental Shelf Research. vol. 268, n° 0278-4343, pp. 105117, 01/10/2023)
UA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CHROME, UNIMES
Effect of an environmental microplastic mixture from the Seine River and one of the main associated plasticizers, dibutylphthalate, on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor
The aim of this study was to explore the adverse effects of a microplastic (MP) mixture obtained from litter accumulated in the Seine River (France) compared to those of their major co-plasticizer, dibutylphthalate (DBP), on the sentinel species Hediste diversicolor. A suite of biomarkers has been investigated to study the impacts of MPs (100 mg kg−1 sediment), DBP (38 μg kg−1 sediment) on worms compared to non-exposed individuals after 4 and 21 days. The antioxidant response, immunity, neurotoxicity and energy and respiratory metabolism were investigated using biomarkers. After 21 days, worms exposed to MPs showed an increasing aerobic metabolism, an enhancement of both antioxidant and neuroimmune responses. Energy-related biomarkers demonstrated that the energy reallocated to the defence system may come from proteins. A similar impact was depicted after DBP exposure, except for neurotoxicity. Our results provide a better understanding of the ecotoxicological effects of environmental MPs and their associated-contaminants on H. diversicolor.
(Marine Environmental Research. vol. 191, n° 0141-1136, pp. 106159, 01/10/2023)
BIOSSE, UCO, BiOSSE, UM, SEBIO, INERIS, URCA, ULH, NU, URCA, CNRS, LEESU, ENPC, UPEC UP12, IMMM, UM, INC-CNRS, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, GERS-LEE
Prospective océan-atmosphère 2023-2028
Synthèse des ateliers du colloque de synthèse de prospective du domaine Océan-Atmosphère (OA) des 10-13 janvier 2023 à Autrans et des groupes de travail préparatoire. Sous la coordination de Jean-Francois Doussin – Directeur adjoint scientifique Océan-Atmosphère de l’INSU et Thibault de Garidel-Thoron – Président de la CSOA.
(pp. 135p., 30/09/2023)
LISA (UMR_7583), INSU - CNRS, UPEC UP12, CNRS, UPCité, INSU - CNRS, CEREGE, IRD, AMU, CdF (institution), INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INRAE, LOPS, IRD, IFREMER, INSU - CNRS, UBO EPE, CNRS, LMD, INSU - CNRS, X, IP Paris, ENPC, SU, CNRS, ENS-PSL, PSL, LATMOS, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, LOCEAN-PROTEO, LOCEAN, MNHN, IRD, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, IPSL (FR_636), ENS-PSL, UVSQ, CEA, INSU - CNRS, X, CNES, SU, CNRS, UPCité, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, CAE, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, LAERO, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CNRM, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, Comue de Toulouse, IGE, IRD, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INRAE, Fédération OSUG, UGA, Grenoble INP, UGA, LaMP, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UCA, OLVAC, LEGOS, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, CERFACS, LOA, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LOV, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, IMEV, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, SATINV, LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, MIO, IRD, AMU, INSU - CNRS, UTLN, CNRS, CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe, IMT Nord Europe, IMT, LOG, INSU - CNRS, ULCO, CNRS, IRD [Ile-de-France], ULCO
Benchmarking satellite-derived shoreline mapping algorithms
Satellite remote sensing is becoming a widely used monitoring technique in coastal sciences. Yet, no benchmarking studies exist that compare the performance of popular satellite-derived shoreline mapping algorithms against standardized sets of inputs and validation data. Here we present a new benchmarking framework to evaluate the accuracy of shoreline change observations extracted from publicly available satellite imagery (Landsat and Sentinel-2). Accuracy and precision of five established shoreline mapping algorithms are evaluated at four sandy beaches with varying geologic and oceanographic conditions. Comparisons against long-term in situ beach surveys reveal that all algorithms provide horizontal accuracy on the order of 10 m at microtidal sites. However, accuracy deteriorates as the tidal range increases, to more than 20 m for a high-energy macrotidal beach (Truc Vert, France) with complex foreshore morphology. The goal of this open-source, collaborative benchmarking framework is to identify areas of improvement for present algorithms, while providing a stepping stone for testing future developments, and ensuring reproducibility of methods across various research groups and applications.
(Communications Earth & Environment. vol. 4, n° 2662-4435, pp. 345, 29/09/2023)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
The ZooScan and the ZooCAM zooplankton imaging systems are intercomparable: A benchmark on the Bay of Biscay zooplankton
Zooplankton analysis represents a bottleneck in marine ecology studies due to the difficulty to obtain zooplankton data. The last decades have seen the intense development of zooplankton imaging systems, to increase the zooplankton data spatio‐temporal resolution as well as enabling the combination of size, taxonomy, and functional traits in aquatic ecology studies. Here, we propose a benchmark between the ZooScan, a commercially available, laboratory‐based scanner, which analyses zooplankton preserved samples, and the ZooCAM, an in‐flow imaging system designed for on‐board live zooplankton imaging. Sixty‐one zooplankton samples collected over the Bay of Biscay in environments ranging from estuarine to offshore blue waters were imaged with both instruments. Zooplankton Normalized Biovolume‐Size Spectra slopes, mean sizes, abundances, and zooplankton community biogeographical patterns were computed for each instrument and compared at the taxonomic group, the sampling stations and the Bay of Biscay scales. Both instruments produced similar zooplankton variables by stations and by taxa and described similar zooplankton community compositions and biogeographical patterns, on the large mesozooplankton size range, i.e., [0.3–3.39] mm ESD. We conclude that the ZooCAM and the ZooScan data can be combined to generate long term or spatially resolved zooplankton time series. Our study shows that benchmarking imaging instruments or techniques (1) offers a robust assessment of interoperability between instruments, mitigating possible instrumental biases, and (2) may be of great interest in the case of instrumental obsolescence or breakdown, to choose the most conservative replacement solution in a long term time series framework.
(Limnology and Oceanography: Methods. vol. 21, n° 1541-5856, pp. 718-733, 29/09/2023)
DECOD, IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro, Institut Agro, LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, IFREMER, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, RDT, IFREMER