Quantitative measurement of benthic foraminifera sediment reworking using a three-dimensional sensor
Despite their worldwide distribution and very high densities, the contribution of benthic meiofaunal species to sediment reworking has largely been neglected in bioturbation research. This is partly due to the challenge in obtaining reliable measurements of these minute size organisms. So far, only a handful of studies have investigated the influence of these microbioturbators on particle transport processes at the sediment surface. These studies most often used the surface image analysis (SIA) method, which indirectly estimates surface sediment reworking rate (SSRR) by tracking the position of individuals at the sediment surface over time. Here, focusing on benthic foraminifera, we demonstrate that successive assessments of sediment microtopography mapping using a three-dimensional (3D) sensor can provide direct and accurate quantifications of meiofaunal SSRR, with high spatial and temporal resolutions. This new method is thus particularly suitable to investigating the as-yet-unknown influence of the meiobenthic fauna, such as foraminifera, on particle transport at the sediment–water interface and more generally on the functioning of benthic soft-bottom ecosystems.
(Journal of Micropalaeontology. vol. 44, n° 0262-821X, pp. 401-413, 24/05/2026)
LOG, INSU - CNRS, ULCO, CNRS, IRD [Ile-de-France], EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Hourly valve opening data of oysters Ostrea edulis measured during a one-year semi-controlled experiment
This dataset shows the hourly valve behavioral data of the 32 oysters Ostrea edulis throughout the year of the experiment as well as the temperature recorded by each HFNI valvometer. The oyster valve behavior is characterized by 3 parameters: the Valve Opening Amplitude (VOA, the percentage of the valve opening relative to maximum opening), the Valve Opening Duration (VOD, the percentage of time that an oyster spends with its valves open), and the VOA/VOD. For each parameter, the data are presented for each oyster and as a group average for each condition. Missing data correspond to the death of oysters or the stopping of recording by a HFNI valvometer.
(24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Hourly valve opening data of oysters Crassostrea gigas measured during a one-year semi-controlled experiment
This dataset shows the hourly valve behavioral data of the 32 oysters Crassostrea gigas throughout the year of the experiment as well as the temperature recorded by each HFNI valvometer. The oyster valve behavior is characterized by 3 parameters: the Valve Opening Amplitude (VOA, the percentage of the valve opening relative to maximum opening), the Valve Opening Duration (VOD, the percentage of time that an oyster spends with its valves open), and the VOA/VOD. For each parameter, the data are presented for each oyster and as a group average for each condition. Missing data correspond to the death of oysters or the stopping of recording by a HFNI valvometer.
(24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Simple physics-based rip current and shore-break wave hazard predictors for beaches in southwest
Sandy beaches are attractive yet potentially dangerous environments due to physical hazards in the surf zone. The most severe natural hazards are rip currents and shore-break waves, which form under varying wave, tide, and morphological conditions. This study introduces two simple, physics-based models to forecast channel rip current flow speed V and shore-break wave energy Esb. These models were applied to La Lette Blanche, a high-energy meso-macro-tidal beach in southwest France, where both hazards coexist. Lifeguard-perceived hazard data collected hourly from July to August 2022 during patrol hours (11 AM–7 PM) were used to calibrate the models. This data also informed a 5-level hazard scale, from 0 (no hazard) to 4 (maximum hazard). The models accurately predict hazard levels, accounting for tidal and wave influences. Requiring only basic beach morphology metrics, this approach offers a promising tool for forecasting surf-zone hazards on beaches with minimal morphological data and available wave forecasts.
(24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UR ETTIS, INRAE, UR EABX, INRAE
Contamination des sols français par les résidus de pesticides
La contamination de l’environnement par les résidus de pesticides est une préoccupation croissante par les acteurs publics au vu de leur omniprésence dans tous les milieux et leurs impacts directs et indirects sur la biodiversité et la santé humaine. Cependant, les études traitant de la contamination des sols par les résidus de pesticides sont très peu nombreuses, témoignant du manque de connaissance sur l’état de la contamination des sols et les impacts potentiels sur la biodiversité. Le projet Phytosol, financé entre 2018 et 2022 par l’Anses et coordonné par INRAE a permis d’acquérir des données inédites de 111 substances sur 47 sols prélevés dans le cadre du Réseau de mesures de la qualité des sols (RMQS). Les résultats de cette étude, détaillés dans le rapport suivant et publiés en 2023 dans la revue Environmental Science Technology, démontrent ainsi que 98% des sols prélevés contiennent au moins un résidu de pesticides, y compris des sites sans traitements phytosanitaires tels que les prairies permanentes, les sols forestiers ou encore des sols de parcelles en agriculture biologique. L’évaluation des risques indique également un risque modéré à fort pour les vers de terre notamment dans les sols de grandes cultures. Enfin, la confrontation avec les applications de produits phytosanitaires a mis en évidence la présence de certaines substances bien au-delà de leur temps de dégradation théorique et à des concentrations supérieures à celles attendues. Le déroulement de l’étude (mise en place, méthodologie) ainsi que les résultats détaillés sont présentés dans ce rapport.
(24/05/2026)
Info&Sols, INRAE, LPTC, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Restauration de zones humides de tête de bassin versant - Programme de suivi des sites - Phytoremed/Restaur - Volet écotoxicologie - Rapport final
(pp. 39, 24/05/2026)
UR EABX, INRAE, RiverLy, INRAE, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UB, CNRS, INRAE
Structural control of the hydrothermal system of the North-East Pyrénées (Corbières): Geothermal implications
We investigate the hydrothermal system located at the North of the Pyrenean front forming a low relief area in a sedimentary environment (from the Mouthoumet Massif to the Montagne d'Alaric, Eastern-Pyr & eacute;n & eacute;es). This region is structured by W-E oriented Pyrenean folds and thrusts, which are affected by a dense network of NE-SW oriented fault system along which 24 hydrothermal springs localizes (>15 degrees C). Thanks to the construction of three balanced cross-sections and field-work campaigns, we infer that the structures abovementioned govern the hydrothermal system for the following reasons: 1) the Devonian carbonate layer confined between phyllosilicate rich formations constitutes the main fractured and karstified reservoir, 2) Pyrenean folds allows the main reservoir to outcrop at anticlines reliefs, favouring water recharge, flow at depth and high water column within low dipping limbs and synclines, 3) the Oligo-Miocene normal faults cut the fold and thrust structures and the phyllosilicate rich layers, and form dilatant high dipping pathways favoring the overpressured hydrothermal fluids to outflow at topographic depressions. The relatively low topography of the recharge area suggest that spring temperature is mainly controlled by reservoir depth, and therefore the folded and thrusted structure of the Devonian unit. This understanding of the reservoir geology and hydrothermal system provides new knowledge useful for geothermal exploration in polyphased-tectonics sedimentary environment.
(Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. vol. 196, n° 0037-9409, 24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UA, UM, M2C, UNICAEN, NU, INSU - CNRS, UNIROUEN, NU, CNRS
History of the sedimentary regimes of the Aquitaine margin (Bay of Biscay, France) at the outlet of its main tributaries during the last millennium: a mirror of the North Atlantic and European climates
The present work is based on the analysis of two hemipelagic sequences collected off the two main fluvial tributaries that enter the southern Bay of Biscay along the Aquitaine margin: the Gironde estuary, for core JB7-ST3c retrieved from the West-Gironde mud patch; and the Adour river, for core MD03–2693 retrieved from the Capbreton canyon meanders. Their positioning, at the northern and southern edges of the Aquitaine shelf, not only allows us to obtain a synoptic view of the southern Bay of Biscay past oceanography, but, over the last thousand years covered by these archives, also provides access to key contextual elements related to local as well as global hydroclimatic forcings. This article focuses on the interpretation of the sedimentological signal based on key X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental profiles obtained along the cores, within the framework of coherent age models newly built for the two sequences. The consistency of the two records allows us to robustly relate the evolution of the XRF profiles to the hydroclimatic regime of the Bay of Biscay, and to compile and discuss a chronicle of the environmental events that have marked the sites. This is achieved through a regional scale analysis, encompassing synchronous occurrences on the proximate continent, complemented by a broader synoptic perspective within the context of the well-documented European and North Atlantic historical frames. This chronicle is pivotal in comprehending the correlation between continental and oceanic regimes along the Euro-Atlantic margin, in addition to their links to the climatic processes that govern the Northern Hemisphere region. Our results clearly discriminate specific climatic trends, highlighting the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age and the Current Warm Period as contrasted intervals. The climatic patterns identified during these specific phases are discussed in the light of recent advances in our knowledge of their modes of variability, and raise the question of teleconnections between the North Atlantic Oscillation, Atlantic sea-surface conditions and dynamics, together with atmospheric ones and especially storminess over Europe.
(Global and Planetary Change. vol. 255, n° 0921-8181, pp. 105039, 24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Greenland climate records from ice core isotopes
Decades of ice core research have resulted in unique isotopic data documenting changes in Greenland temperature and ice sheet evolution over the last 130,000 years. We present here a brief overview of the ice core drilling history in Greenland, the progress in the development of deep ice cores chronologies and how Greenland ice cores can bring information on past climate variations from the Last Interglacial to the last millennium and present day, including rapid variations like Dansgaard-Oeschger events. The evolution of the Greenland ice sheet in relation with the global climate system is also investigated.
(. vol. Volume 3, pp. 276-287, 24/05/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Motorboat noise increases aggregation and alters gaping and filtration behaviors in the invasive quagga mussel
The response of invasive species to noise and how it can modulate their behavior and ecological impact have received scant attention. We conducted a two-phase laboratory experiment to investigate the effect of motorboat noise on the quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis. We first measured aggregation during a prolonged rearing phase under laboratory background noise supplemented or not with motorboat sounds. We then monitored valve gaping and estimated the filtration rate of mussels in the presence or absence of motorboat noise. Prolonged noise exposure increased aggregation and valve gaping. The relationship between valve gaping and filtration was significantly positive for control mussels and not significant for the mussels that experienced motorboat noise. Further research is needed to understand the physiological origins of the response to noise and the consequences on life-history traits and mussel-based ecosystem processes such as phytoplanktonic primary production, benthification and biofouling.
(Biological Invasions. vol. 27, n° 1387-3547, pp. 15, 24/05/2026)
CRNL-ENES, CRNL, UCBL, UJM, UJM EPE, INSERM, CNRS, BVPAM, UJM, UJM EPE, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, ENES, UJM, UJM EPE, CRNL, UCBL, UJM, UJM EPE, INSERM, CNRS, CARRTEL, USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry], INRAE, Fédération OSUG, UJM FST, UJM, UJM EPE, INSERM