The French initiative for scientific cores virtual curating : a user-orientedintegrated approach
Managing scientific data is probably one the most challenging issue in modern science. The question is made evenmore sensitive with the need of preserving and managing high value fragile geological sam-ples: cores. Largeinternational scientific programs, such as IODP or ICDP are leading an intense effort to solve this problem andpropose detailed high standard work- and dataflows thorough core handling and curating. However most resultsderived from rather small-scale research programs in which data and sample management is generally managedonly locally – when it is . . .The national excellence equipment program (Equipex) CLIMCOR aims at developing French facilities for coringand drilling investigations. It concerns indiscriminately ice, marine and continental samples. As part of this initiative,we initiated a reflexion about core curating and associated coring-data management. The aim of the project isto conserve all metadata from fieldwork in an integrated cyber-environment which will evolve toward laboratoryacquireddata storage in a near future. In that aim, our demarche was conducted through an close relationship withfield operators as well laboratory core curators in order to propose user-oriented solutions.The national core curating initiative currently proposes a single web portal in which all scientifics teams can storetheir field data. For legacy samples, this will requires the establishment of a dedicated core lists with associatedmetadata. For forthcoming samples, we propose a mobile application, under Android environment to capture technicaland scientific metadata on the field. This application is linked with a unique coring tools library and is adaptedto most coring devices (gravity, drilling, percussion, etc...) including multiple sections and holes coring operations.Those field data can be uploaded automatically to the national portal, but also referenced through internationalstandards or persistent identifiers (IGSN, ORCID and INSPIRE) and displayed in international portals (currently,NOAA’s IMLGS).In this paper, we present the architecture of the integrated system, future perspectives and the approach we adoptedto reach our goals. We will also present in front of our poster, one of the three mobile applications, dedicated moreparticularly to the operations of continental drillings.
(31/08/2026)
EDYTEM, USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry], CNRS, Fédération OSUG, DTI, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, ISTerre, IFSTTAR, INSU - CNRS, USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry], CNRS, UGA [2016-2019], EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LGGE, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, OSUG, Grenoble INP, INSU - CNRS, IRSTEA, USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry], CNRS, UGA [2016-2019], EMBS, iSTeP, UPMC, CNRS, IRSI, IFREMER, INSU - CNRS
Environmental responses of the Northeast Antarctic Peninsula to the Holocene climate variability
In this study, we present a unique high-resolution Holocene record of oceanographic and climatic change based on analyses of diatom assemblages combined with biomarker data from a sediment core collected from the Vega Drift, eastern Antarctic Peninsula (EAP). These data add to the climate framework already established by high-resolution marine sedimentary records from the Palmer Deep, western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). Heavy sea ice conditions and reduced primary productivity were observed prior to 7.4 ka B.P. in relation with the proximity of the glacial ice melt and calving. Subsequent Holocene oceanographic conditions were controlled by the interactions between the Westerlies-Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)-Weddell Gyre dynamics. A warm period characterized by short seasonal sea ice duration associated with a southern shift of both ACC and Westerlies field persisted until 5 ka B.P. This warm episode was then followed by climate deterioration during the middle-to-late Holocene (5 to 1.9 ka B.P.) with a gradual increase in annual sea ice duration triggered by the expansion of the Weddell Gyre and a strong oceanic connection from the EAP to the WAP. Increase of benthic diatom species during this period was indicative of more summer/autumn storms, which was consistent with changes in synoptic atmospheric circulation and the establishment of low- to high-latitude teleconnections. Finally, the multicentennial scale variability of the Weddell Gyre intensity and storm frequency during the late Holocene appeared to be associated with the increased El Niño–Southern Oscillation frequency.
(Paleoceanography. vol. 31, n° 0883-8305, pp. 131–147, 31/08/2026)
UNAM, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LOCEAN, IPSL, ENS-PSL, PSL, UVSQ, UPMC, CEA, INSU - CNRS, X, IP Paris, CNES, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, UPMC, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, USF, ULaval, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Transfert de composés per- et poly-fluorés du sédiment au poisson
Dans le contexte du Plan d’actions sur les polychlorobiphényles, des composés per- et polyfluorés ont fait l’objet d’analyses dans la chair des poissons, montrant un accroissement notable des concentrations de plusieurs PFAS à l’aval de Lyon. Les PFAS, composés très persistants, ont un comportement différent des micropolluants hydrophobes « classiques », justifiant de chercher à mieux comprendre leur devenir et leurs voies de transfert dans les réseaux trophiques, le rôle du sédiment dans ce devenir, et les facteurs contrôlant l’accumulation par les organismes. La présente étude visait à mieux comprendre le devenir des PFAS dans le Rhône, et plus précisément de documenter les cinétiques d’accumulation de quelques composés perfluorés pour deux espèces d’invertébrés benthiques (larves de chironome, Chironomus riparius, et gammares, Gammarus spp.), d’évaluer le rôle du sédiment dans le processus d’accumulation, et de reconstituer l’historique de la contamination sur un site à l’aval de Lyon (lône de l’Ile du Beurre) à l’aide d’une carotte de sédiment. Un profil temporel et spatial de la contamination des sédiments a été établi, la contamination de trois espèces de poissons (barbeau fluviatile, Barbus barbus, gardon, Rutilus rutilus, et goujon, Gobio gobio) et de leurs proies par une gamme d’une vingtaine de PFAS a été déterminée, et des essais d’accumulation de ces PFAS au laboratoire à partir du sédiment de l’Ile du Beurre ont été réalisés avec des larves de chironomes et des gammares. Le gardon est généralement moins contaminé que les deux autres espèces, sauf pour l’acide perfluorooctane sulfonique (PFOS). Le barbeau est en général plus contaminé que le goujon, sauf pour le PFOS, le perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), le perfluorodécane sulfonate (PFDS) et l’acide 6:2 fluorotélomère sulfonique (6:2FTSA). L’influence de la taille (proxy de l’âge) sur l’accumulation des composés dominants dans les sédiments de l’Ile du Beurre (acides perfluoroundécanoïque - PFUnDA et perfluorotridécanoïque PFTrDA) n’a pas été mise en évidence. En revanche, pour le PFOS et le PFNA (acide perfluorononanoïque), les barbeaux juvéniles sont plus contaminés que les individus plus gros et plus âgés, ce qui suggère une moindre capacité à les éliminer chez les juvéniles. Le contenu stomacal des barbeaux comprend une forte proportion de gammares, celui des goujons est dominé par les chironomes, ce qui contribue à expliquer les différences de contamination entre espèces. Deux types d’indicateur de bioamplification ont été testés, facteur de bioamplification (BMF) ajusté au niveau trophique pour des couples prédateur-proie constitués de barbeaugammares et goujon-chironomes, et des facteurs d’amplification trophique (TMF), déterminés pour le réseau trophique du barbeau. PFUnDA, PFDoDA (acide perfluorododécanoïque), le PFTrDA, PFOS et FOSA (perfluorooctane sulfonamide) sont clairement bioamplifiés chez le barbeau. Chez le goujon, les mêmes composés, plus PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS (acide perfluorohexane sulfonique) et PFDS sont également bioamplifiés. Les BMF tendent à augmenter quand le nombre de carbones perfluorés des composés augmente. Lors de tests en laboratoire, l’accumulation et l’élimination des PFAS du sédiment de l’Ile du Beurre sont rapides chez le chironome, et plus lentes chez le gammare où l’état stable n’était pas atteint en 21 jours. L’hypothèse d’une dépendance à la concentration, ou transport actif de ces composés lors de l’accumulation, a également été examinée chez le chironome à l’aide d’un test sur sédiment enrichi. Si ce mécanisme ne peut être exclu pour le PFTrDA, il n’explique pas mieux l’accumulation que la diffusion simple. L’accumulation, chez le chironome et le gammare, est plus importante pour les composés à longue chaîne perfluorée (C8), notamment en raison de cinétiques d’élimination plus lentes, notamment chez le gammare.
(pp. 75, 31/08/2026)
UR MALY, IRSTEA, UT, NEOLAiA, EAWAG, EPFL, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UNILIM
The Sahelian agro-ecosystem vulnerability to an acceleration of ice-sheet melting during the 21st century
During the 20th century, Sahelian drought episodes like those between 1972 and 1982 showed the vulnerability of the Sahelian agro-ecosystem provoking significant intraregional southward human migrations, to or near the coast. According to the latest IPCC report, the Sahel could become increasingly impacted by climate change during the 21st century because of a lagged and shorter rainfall season having the potential to induce a drastic destabilization of the Sahelian agro-ecosystem and to heavily impact the population. Such effects could be further amplified by a net increase of the Sahelian population. Drastic climate changes over tropical areas also occurred in the past: weakening of the West African Monsoon and megadrought Sahelian episodes have been reported with a close correspondence between the large rainfall decrease and the massive freshwater discharges following ice-sheet melting or iceberg surges. During the last decades a continuous acceleration of ice-sheet mass loss has been observed and post IPCC-AR5 studies suggest the ice-sheet contribution to future sea-level rise could be revised upward due partly to the lack of an accurate representation of ice-ocean interactions. The release of freshwater discharge in response to ice-sheet instability could have large consequences on the most vulnerable regions, such as the tropical areas. To investigate the impacts of large ice-sheet instability during the 21st century, we first explore the climatic signature of Greenland or Antarctic ice-sheet collapse scenarios corresponding to 0.5 to 1.5 meter of sea-level rise, superimposed to the RCP8.5 scenario. We show that a freshwater discharge coming from Greenland melting induces a significant decrease of summer monsoon rainfall, that may lead to changes in agricultural practices. Combined with increasing demography, this has the potential to induce important human migration flows. Without adaptation measures, we estimate that tens to hundreds million people could be forced to leave the Sahel by the end of the 21st century, not accounting for the direct migratory impact of sea-level rise over coastal areas.
(. vol. 18, pp. 7977, 31/08/2026)
LSCE, UVSQ, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, DRF (CEA), CEA, PARVATI, LOCEAN, IPSL, ENS-PSL, UVSQ, UPMC, CEA, INSU - CNRS, X, CNES, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, UPMC, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CEARC, UVSQ, UCM
DYNALIT : Dynamique du Littoral et Trait de Côte
Le littoral, caractérisé par une grande diversitéd’environnements (plages sableuses ou rocheuses, cordonsdunaires, falaises, lagunes, estuaires...) est une zone très mobile etévolutive du fait de forçages hydrodynamiques et météorologiquessouvent intenses. Cet environnement est fragile, car soumis àl’impact d’activités humaines qui ne cessent d’augmenter (urbanisation,aménagements...), mais aussi aux effets du changementclimatique (élévation du niveau de la mer, modification durégime de houles, inondations). Comprendre le fonctionnementhydromorpho-sédimentaire des environnements littoraux est crucialpour prédire leur évolution et celle des écosystèmes associés.Le Service National d’Observation labellisé par le CNRS, (SNO)DYNALIT, - Dynamique du Littoral et du Trait de Côte a pourbut de constituer une base de données hydromorphologiques sur lelong terme de 29 sites ateliers représentatifs des environnementslittoraux français (côtes sableuses, falaises et embouchures) afin :- De mesurer la cinématique de ces environnements et du trait decôte associé ;- De mieux comprendre les interactions entre les processushydrodynamiques-transport sédimentaires-réponse morphologiqueassociés à la dynamique du littoral ;- Utiliser les observations pour améliorer notre connaissance desréponses de la morphologie des littoraux dans différents contextesde forçages météo-marins ;- D’utiliser ces observations pour analyser l’importance relativedes facteurs anthropiques et naturels sur la dynamique littorale ;- De se positionner en interlocuteur pour les responsables de ladéfinition et la mise en oeuvre des politiques de gestion des risqueslittoraux.
(pp. 84, 31/08/2026)
LDO, INSU - CNRS, UBO EPE, CNRS, LETG - Nantes, UNICAEN, NU, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN, INSU - CNRS, UM, CNRS, UA, LIENSs, INSU - CNRS, ULR, CNRS, LETG - Caen, LETG, UNICAEN, NU, UA, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN, LOMC, ULH, NU, CNRS, LOG, INSU - CNRS, ULCO, CNRS, IRD [Ile-de-France], ULCO, M2C, UNICAEN, NU, INSU - CNRS, UNIROUEN, NU, CNRS, GR, UR, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, Cerema Equipe-projet HA, Cerema, UPPA, LPG-ANGERS, LPG, UA, UN UFR ST, UN, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, IRD, UPVD, AU, UR, UM, UG, UA, GET, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, CEREGE, IRD, INRA, AMU, CdF (institution), INSU - CNRS, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LETG - Brest, LETG, UNICAEN, NU, UA, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN
Dynamics of particulate organic matter in a coastal system characterized by the occurrence of marine mucilage – A stable isotope study
In coastal systems, particulate organic matter (POM) originates from various autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter sources. Also, some coastal systems are characterized by the occurrence of large amounts of mucilaginous material of biologic origin (i.e. phytoplankton, bacteria), which aggregates and potentially traps other organisms and particles present in the water column. This study focuses on POM origin and spatio-temporal dynamics in the South-East coast of the Bay of Biscay, an area subject to mucilage occurrence. In order to investigate POM quantitative and qualitative (C and N elemental and isotopic ratios) characteristics, sampling was performed over an annual cycle at two sites experiencing different mucilage occurrence and river influence. Contribution of phytoplankton, terrestrial POM and anthropogenic POM to coastal-POM composition was calculated using a three-sources mixing model. Overall, phytoplankton dominated the coastal-POM composition at all seasons, sites and most of the depths (71.6 ± 24.2%). Terrestrial-POM contribution was moderate (22.7 ± 21.8%) and anthropogenic-POM contribution was usually negligible (5.7 ± 7.4%). Both sites mainly exhibited similar vertical and temporal variations in terms of POM origin and dynamics: terrestrial-POM contribution increased with depth and was higher in winter at all depths and in autumn in bottom waters, compared to other seasons. The main differences between both sites were related to the vertical dynamics of the terrestrial contribution to the coastal POM. Horizontal, vertical and temporal variation of POM composition was linked to processes driving the sedimentary hydrodynamics: the river flow, the direction of the river plume and events of sediment resuspension/deposition. During the study period, the mucilage occurred only as flocs (small aggregates). The mucilage was of autochthonous origin and did not trap detectable amount of allochthonous material. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
(Journal of Sea Research (JSR). vol. 116, n° 1385-1101, pp. 12--22, 31/08/2026)
LPCNO, INSA Toulouse, INSA, Comue de Toulouse, ICT, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INC-CNRS, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, IRSAMC, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, IPREM, UPPA, INC-CNRS, CNRS, VUB
Estuarine habitats structure zooplankton communities: Implications for the pelagic trophic pathways
Estuarine ecosystems have been described as a mosaic of habitats exhibiting different physical, biological and chemical properties and processes. These habitats are of primary importance for fishes, providing refuges and/or food for juveniles. While it is well known that habitats contribute also to the structuration of meio- and macrobenthic assemblages, this concept of habitat has never been associated to zooplankton communities, a major food resource for many pelagic fishes during summer in North-European estuaries. The objective of this work was thus to assess if estuarine habitats, in addition to the salinity gradient, structured zooplankton communities as well. Sampling was conducted at high tide during summer in a highly turbid system, the Gironde estuary, for which primary production and thus food resource at the basis of the food web is strongly limited. The results showed that even if the upstream-downstream estuarine gradient was the main factor structuring zooplankton at the scale of the estuary, there was a significant difference of zooplankton assemblages between samples collected over subtidal areas and those collected over intertidal areas. More particularly, the estuarine gradient was associated to the distribution pattern of species while difference between subtidal and intertidal samples were mainly due to difference in the level of abundance of species. Stable isotope analysis revealed that these zooplanktonic omnivorous species may be attracted to intertidal mudflats by microphytobenthos availability and that some planktivorous fishes, in particular Alosa fallax, preferentially fed on this zone. The role of intertidal habitats in structuring zooplankton assemblages suggests that this habitat strongly participates to the production of planktivorous species and that it represents a biotic vector of carbon resources toward subtidal areas. The loss of tidal flats habitats could thus have consequences on the functioning of pelagic system as well.
(Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. vol. 179, n° 0272-7714, pp. 99-111, 31/08/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UR EABX, IRSTEA
Thalassiosira lentiginosa size variation and associated biogenic silica burial in the Southern Ocean over the last 42 kyrs
The diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O′Meara) Hustedt is thought to be the main carrier of biogenic silica to the Southern Ocean sea-floor, thereby attracting most investigations of diatom biometry. Thalassiosira lentiginosa (Janisch) Fryxell, a large centric diatom which is the second most abundant species in the Southern Ocean, conversely received very little attention to date. We here present the first study on modern sediments to explore the variability of the mean valve area of T. lentiginosa in relation to productivity and modern environmental conditions. Larger T. lentiginosa are observed around the Polar Front Zone with size decreasing both northward and southward as previously observed for F. kerguelensis. Such a pattern neither corresponds to the species productivity changes nor with the iron concentration in surface waters. Conversely, this pattern may be partly due to the low efficiency of Si uptake, internal transport and deposition of silicic acid under conditions which are outside of the species specific temperature range, i.e. at the lower and upper limit of the diatom ecological preferences. We also propose that T. lentiginosa mean valve area variations in four deep-sea cores across the frontal zones in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean resulted from changes in sea-surface temperatures and sea-ice presence modulating the species ability to make use nutrient stocks and controlling the length of its growing season, respectively. Our results also indicate that T. lentiginosa exported more biogenic silica to the sea-floor than F. kerguelensis over the last 42 kyrs.
(Marine Micropaleontology. vol. 127, n° 0377-8398, pp. 74-85, 31/08/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Sea surface temperature variability in the North Western Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion) during the Common Era
This study investigates the multidecadal-scale variability of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the convection region of the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea) over the full past 2000 yr (Common Era) using alkenone biomarkers. Our data show colder SSTs by 1.7 °C over most of the first millennium (200–800 AD) and by 1.3 °C during the Little Ice Age (LIA; 1400–1850 AD) than the 20th century mean (17.9 °C). Although on average warmer, those of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) (1000–1200 AD) were lower by 1 °C. We found a mean SST warming of 2 °C/100 yr over the last century in close agreement with the 0.22 and 0.26 °C/decade values calculated for the western Mediterranean Sea from in situ and satellite data, respectively. Our results also reveal strongly fluctuating SSTs characterized by cold extremes followed by abrupt warming during the LIA. We suggest that the coldest decades of the LIA were likely caused by prevailing negative EA states and associated anticyclone blocking over the North Atlantic resulting in cold continental northeasterly winds to blow over Western Europe and the Mediterranean region.
(Earth and Planetary Science Letters. vol. 456, n° 0012-821X, pp. 124-133, 31/08/2026)
BTP, LOCEAN, IPSL, ENS-PSL, UVSQ, UPMC, CEA, INSU - CNRS, X, CNES, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, UPMC, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, LOCEAN, IPSL, ENS-PSL, PSL, UVSQ, UPMC, CEA, INSU - CNRS, X, IP Paris, CNES, CNRS, MNHN, IRD, UPMC, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CSIC, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CEFREM, UPVD, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Potential of Video Cameras in Assessing Event and Seasonal Coastline Behaviour: Grand Popo, Benin (Gulf of Guinea)
In this study, we explore the potential of a nearshore video system to obtain a long-term estimation of coastal variables (shoreline, beach slope, sea level elevation and wave forcing) at Grand Popo beach, Benin, West Africa, from March 2013 to February 2015. We first present a validation of the video system with field data over a 10-day experiment conducted on Grand Popo beach in 2014. Secondly, 2-years daily and monthly timeseries are extracted and their variability is described as a function of regional forcing and climatic modes. All variables show large monthly variability. The longshore sediment transport estimated locally from video is in agreement with that derived from Era-Interim wave data re-analyses. Results show that the shoreline responds predominantly to tides at the event scale and to waves. Overall, this study suggests that video stations are efficient tools to monitor coastal processes over the long term, in complement with other conventional approaches. Although no clear conclusions can be drawn on inter-annual variability, the results show that it is important to build up extended coastal observation networks to address coastline changes over a wide range of scales.
(Journal of Coastal Research, n° 0749-0208, pp. 442-446, 31/08/2026)
ECOLA, LEGOS, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, OLVAC, LEGOS, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, CICESE, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, AOS Program, GFDL, NOAA, LEGOS, IRD, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INSU - CNRS, CNES, CNRS, CEREGE, IRD, INRA, AMU, CdF (institution), INSU - CNRS, CNRS