A glyphosate-based herbicide induces sub-lethal effects in early life stages and liver cell line of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Most pesticides used in agriculture end up in the aquatic environment through runoff and leaching of treated crops. One of the most commonly used herbicides is glyphosate. This compound or its metabolites are frequently detected in surface water in Europe. In the present study, in vivo and in vitro studies were carried out using the early life stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the cell line RTL-W1 (a liver cell line from rainbow trout) to characterize the toxic effects of glyphosate at environmentally-realistic concentrations. Both studies were performed using the commercial formulation Roundup® GT Max, and technical-grade glyphosate for the in vitro study. Eyed-stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to sub-lethal concentrations (0.1 and 1 mg/L) of glyphosate using Roundup. Numerous toxicity endpoints were recorded such as survival, hatching success, larval biometry, developmental abnormalities, swimming activity, genotoxicity (formamidopyrimidine DNA-glycosylase Fpg-modified comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyls and target gene transcription. Concentrations neither affected embryonic or larval survival nor increased developmental abnormalities. However, a significant decrease was observed in the head size of larvae exposed to 1 mg/L of glyphosate. In addition, a significant increase in mobility was observed for larvae exposed to glyphosate at 0.1 mg/L. TBARS levels were significantly decreased on larvae exposed to 1 mg/L (a.i.), and cat and cox1 genes were differently transcribed from controls. DNA damage was detected by the Fpg-modified comet assay in RTL-W1 cell line exposed to the technical-grade glyphosate and Roundup formulation. The results suggest that chronic exposure to glyphosate, at environmental concentrations, could represent a potential risk for early life stages of fish.
(Aquatic Toxicology. vol. 216, n° 0166-445X, pp. 105291, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UR EABX, IRSTEA
The influence of bottom currents on the Zambezi Valley morphology (Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean): In situ current observations and hydrodynamic modelling
Mixed turbidite-contourite systems can be found in oceans where bottom currents and turbidity currents interact. The Zambezi turbidite system, located in the Mozambique Channel (SW Indian Ocean), is one of the largest sedimentary systems in the world in length and area of the related catchments. The oceanic circulation in the Mozambique Channel is intense and complex, dominated by eddies flowing southwards and deep currents flowing northwards along the Mozambican margin. Current measurements obtained from moorings at 3400–4050 m water depth in the Zambezi and Tsiribihina valleys show periods of intense currents at the seafloor with peaks of 40–50 cm s−1 that last up to one month and are not related to turbidity currents. These strong bottom-current events are correlated with a change in current direction and an increase in temperature. The periods of current intensification may be related to eddies, since they present similar frequencies (around 7 per year). Moreover, modelling results show that during periods of intense deep circulation an anticyclonic eddy is present between the Mozambican slope and the centre of the Mozambique Channel, which may block the northward transport of the deep water mass and thus enhance the southward transport along the western slope of Madagascar. According to our hydrodynamic modelling of the circulation near the seafloor, intense currents are often present along the Zambezi Valley, especially along the valley flanks. Multi-channel seismic reflection data show that the Zambezi turbidite system does not show the typical characteristics of turbidite systems, being dominated by erosional processes, which mainly affect the valley flanks. Levees associated with the valley are absent in the main axis of the system. The effect of bottom currents on sedimentation in the basin is evidenced by the low sedimentation rates that witness winnowing in the basin, the presence of contouritic sand in the Zambezi Valley flanks and the abundance of current-related bedforms observed in multibeam bathymetry and seismic data. The intense oceanic processes observed in the Mozambique Channel may transport a large part of the fine sediment out of the basin and erode the seafloor even at great depths. Therefore, the Zambezi turbidite system could at present be considered as a mixed turbidite-contourite system, with important implications for source-to-sink studies.
(Marine Geology. vol. 410, n° 0025-3227, pp. 42-55, 18/10/2026)
LGO, UBS, IFREMER, UBO EPE, CNRS, LOPS, IRD, IFREMER, INSU - CNRS, UBO EPE, CNRS, GM, IFREMER, LEP, EEP, IFREMER, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, [Total Fina ELF]
Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide Mitigates Its In Vivo Genotoxicity Toward Xenopus laevis Tadpoles
The worldwide increase of graphene family materials raises the question of the potential consequences resulting from their release in the environment and future consequences on ecosystem health, especially in the aquatic environment in which they are likely to accumulate. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the biological and ecological risk but also to find innovative solutions leading to the production of safer materials. This work focuses on the evaluation of functional group-safety relationships regarding to graphene oxide (GO) in vivo genotoxic potential toward X. laevis tadpoles. For this purpose, thermal treatments in H2 atmosphere were applied to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGOs) with different surface group compositions. Analysis performed indicated that GO induced disturbances in erythrocyte cell cycle leading to accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase. Significant genotoxicity due to oxidative stress was observed in larvae exposed to low GO concentration (0.1 mg.L−1). Reduction of GO at 200 °C and 1000 °C produced a material that was no longer genotoxic at low concentrations. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that epoxide groups may constitute a good candidate to explain the genotoxic potential of the most oxidized form of the material. Thermal reduction of GO may constitute an appropriate “safer-by-design” strategy for the development of a safer material for environment.
(Nanomaterials. vol. 9, n° 2079-4991, pp. 584, 18/10/2026)
LEFE, INEE-CNRS, CNRS, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CIRIMAT, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, IUT Toulouse Auch Castres, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INC-CNRS, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, IS2M, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA), INC-CNRS, CNRS, MNGE, UNISTRA, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA), INSERM, INC-CNRS, CNRS, UNISTRA, Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA), CNRS
Holocene coastal changes along the Gironde estuary (SW France): new insights from the North Médoc peninsula beach/dune system
L’Amélie beach is located near the mouth of the Gironde estuary (south-western Atlantic coast of France). It has been greatly eroded by recent storms, especially in the winter of 2013-2014. Erosion of the dune front and beach has uncovered a set of estuarine and aeolian sediment deposits containing numerous archaeological remains. A campaign of topographic surveys was undertaken with DGPS and TLS equipment during the springs of 2014 and 2015 along the 2 km length of L’Amélie beach in order to reconstruct the elevation and stratigraphy of these deposits. Sedimentological analyses (grain size, micro-faunal) were performed to better constrain the depositional environment. Archaeological remains and several radiocarbon dates obtained from sediment samples collected in the field were used to propose a consistent chronological framework for this sedimentary sequence. Ten main lithofacies were distinguished from the lower part of the beach to the top of the dune. The base of the sedimentary sequence is composed of Pleistocene deposits dating from MIS 9 (unit 1a) to MIS 2 (unit 1b) (Bosq et al., 2019). The Holocene sedimentary infilling began around 5000 BC with an accumulation of coarse marine sands, which suggests the presence of a tidal inlet. On both sides of this tidal channel, archaeological remains dating from the early Neolithic period up to the Bronze Age testify to a human occupation of the coastal area. From ca. 5000 to ca. 3500 cal. a BP, a characteristic deposit of intertidal mudflats indicates the transformation of the tidal inlet into estuarine marshes protected by a coastal dune barrier. Between ca. 3500 and ca. 3000 cal. a BP, the dune barrier records a phase of erosion resulting in the exposure of the marsh to stronger hydrodynamic conditions. From ca. 2800 to 1650 cal. a BP, a second phase of estuarine sedimentation is recognized. This period is characterized by significant human occupation as indicated by the presence of numerous archaeological remains of the Iron Age and Gallo-Roman periods, associated with the exploitation of a saltwater-to-brackish environment. From 1650 to 1250 cal. a BP, the estuarine salt marsh is gradually overrun by northward migrating coastal-dune fields. After 1250 cal. a BP, the marsh is completely covered by aeolian sands. These results are consistent with previously published data and allow us to detail the local sequence of palaeogeographic changes of the north-Médoc peninsula. Using the ‘sea-level index points’ method (Hijma et al., 2015), the analysis of radiocarbon dated levels also provides new relative sea level records for this part of the French Atlantic coast. Finally, the phases of coastal dune activity/stability recognized along L’Amélie beach are synchronous with those in the wider Aquitaine coastal region, suggesting a regional driving factor. We propose that the shared sedimentary dynamics are the consequence of the onshore migration of intertidal and subtidal sand banks distributed at the mouth of the Gironde.
(Quaternaire. vol. 30, n° 1142-2904, pp. 47-75, 18/10/2026)
LETG, UNICAEN, NU, UA, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN, UBM, CNRS, PRODIG (UMR_8586 / UMR_D_215 / UM_115), UP1, IRD, SU, CNRS, UPCité, PRODIG, UP1, IRD, EPHE, PSL, UP4, UPD7, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UPV / EHU, PACEA, UB, CNRS, LETG - Brest, LETG, UNICAEN, NU, UA, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN, Inrap, LETG - Caen, LETG, UNICAEN, NU, UA, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN
Nouvelles connaissances sur le fonctionnement biogéochimique des grands lacs landais
Les grands lacs landais, le lac de Cazaux-Sanguinet (C-S) et le lac de Parentis-Biscarrosse (P-B), ont une morphologie identique et drainent des bassins versants de taille et de nature très comparables. Pourtant, le lac de C-S est oligotrophe alors que le lac de P-B est eutrophe, avec des développements massifs de cyanobactéries et de plantes exotiques envahissantes. Cette situation est due à un historique des apports en nutriments dans le lac de P-B. En effet, durant des décennies, d’importants flux de phosphate d’origine industrielle ont contaminé ce lac. Bien que les flux aient été considérablement ralentis au cours des années 90, le milieu reste eutrophe. Nous avons donc étudié différents compartiments impliqués dans les flux de nutriments des deux lacs, à savoir le bassin versant, les canaux, la colonne d’eau et les sédiments, au cours d’un suivi réalisé en 2016-2017. Nos résultats montrent que les apports par les principaux cours d’eau qui drainent les bassins versants sont aujourd’hui comparables pour les deux lacs. Le bassin versant de C-S est modérément impacté par les activités agricoles situées en tête de bassin. La rivière Nasseys qui arrive au lac de P-B apporte encore un excès de phosphate par rapport aux autres cours d’eau. Cet excès provient des rejets de l’usine responsables des flux importants du passé. Toutefois, les flux sont faibles. Les canaux à la sortie des lacs sont très peu concentrés en nutriments, ce qui suggère que ces derniers sont efficacement retenus dans les lacs. Ce qui distingue nettement les deux lacs est d’une part l’intensité des processus de minéralisation de la matière organique dans les sédiments et d’autre part la teneur en phosphore associé aux oxydes fer dans les sédiments. Les flux benthiques de phosphore et d’ammonium sont importants dans le lac de P-B, en particulier en été quand les eaux sont stratifiées et anoxiques au fond. Nos travaux montrent que le phosphore hérité du passé reste le principal responsable de l’eutrophisation d’aujourd’hui.
(Dynamiques Environnementales - Journal international des géosciences et de l’environnement, n° 1968-469X, pp. 153-179, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
First record of Monocorophium uenoi (Stephenson, 1932) (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Corophiidae) in the Bay of Biscay, French Atlantic coast
(BioInvasions Records. vol. 8, n° 2242-1300, pp. 87-95, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, PatriNat, MNHN, CNRS, AFB
Dispersion et exposition humaine aux métaux en Nouvelle-Calédonie : synthèse des résultats
Cette synthèse constitue le volume 4 (sur 4) du programme intégré « Dispersion et exposition humaine aux métaux en Nouvelle-Calédonie » composé de 3 programmes complémentaires étudiant les métaux et leur toxicité : DMML « Dispersion des métaux de la mine au lagon », Dynamine « Dynamique des métaux de la mine au lagon », Métexpo « Niveaux d’imprégnation et déterminants de l’exposition humaine aux métaux ».- Elle regroupe les synthèses de chacun des trois programmes et propose une conclusion commune ouvrant sur les perspectives en termes de recherche.
(pp. 53 p., 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, CNRS, ISEA, UNC, ARTeHiS, MCC, UB, CNRS, UNB, GSMA, URCA, CNRS, CEREGE, IRD, AMU, CdF (institution), INSU - CNRS, CNRS, INRAE, AMU, SU, ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie], IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie], IFREMER, UNC, CNRS, MIO, IRD, AMU, INSU - CNRS, UTLN, CNRS, IMPMC, MNHN, SU, CNRS, IRD, IPGP - UMR_7154, INSU - CNRS, IGN, UR, IPG Paris, CNRS, UPCité, INSERM, CHT, CRCHUQ, ULaval
Impact de contaminants sur les acides gras des diatomées
Cette présentation décrit une partie des résultats acquis pendant la thèse, concernant l'impact du diuron et du S-métolachlore sur la diatomée d'eau douce Gomphonema gracile. En particulier cette présentation s'intéresse à décrire la complémentarité entre les profils d'acides gras et différents types de critères d'impact plus classiquement utilisés
(18/10/2026)
UR EABX, IRSTEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
An Integrated Approach to Coastal and Biological Observations
Maritime economy, ecosystem-based management and climate change adaptation and mitigation raise emerging needs on coastal ocean and biological observations. Integrated ocean observing aims at optimizing sampling strategies and cost-efficiency, sharing data and best practices, and maximizing the value of the observations for multiple purposes. Recently developed cost-effective, near real time technology such as gliders, radars, ferrybox, and shallow water Argo floats, should be used operationally to generate operational coastal sea observations and analysis. Furthermore, value of disparate coastal ocean observations can be unlocked with multi-dimensional integration on fitness-for-the-purpose, parameter and instrumental. Integration of operational monitoring with offline monitoring programs, such as those for research, ecosystem-based management and commercial purposes, is necessary to fill the gaps. Such integration should lead to a system of networks which can deliver data for all kinds of purposes. Detailed integration activities are identified which should enhance the coastal ocean and biological observing capacity. Ultimately a program is required which integrates physical, biogeochemical and biological observation of the ocean, from coastal to deep-sea environments, bringing together global, regional, and local observation efforts.
(Frontiers in Marine Science. vol. 6, n° 2296-7745, pp. 314, 18/10/2026)
DMI, UniPi, UNINA, DTU, UCD, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, VLIZ, TalTech, NIOZ, HCMR, CIIMAR, FMI
Low-Cost UAV for High-Resolution and Large-Scale Coastal Dune Change Monitoring Using Photogrammetry
In this paper, coastal dune data are collected at Truc Vert, SW France, using photogrammetry via Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). A low-cost GoPro-equipped DJI Phantom 2 quadcopter and a 20 MPix camera-equipped DJI Phantom 4 Pro quadcopter UAVs were used to remotely sense the coastal dune morphology over large spatial scales (4 km alongshore, i.e., approximately 1 km 2 of beach-dune system), within a short time (less than 2 h of flight). The primary objective of this paper is to propose a low-cost and replicable approach which, combined with simple and efficient permanent Ground Control Point (GCP) setup , can be applied to routinely survey upper beach and coastal dune morphological changes at high frequency (after each storm) and high resolution (0.1 m). Results show that a high-resolution and accurate Digital Surface Model (DSM) can be inferred with both UAVs if enough permanent GCPs are implemented. The more recent DJI Phantom 4 gives substantially more accurate DSM with a root-mean-square vertical error and bias of 0.05 m and −0.03 m, respectively, while the DSM inferred from the DJI Phantom 2 still largely meets the standard for coastal monitoring. The automatic flight plan procedure allows replicable surveys to address large-scale morphological evolution at high temporal resolution (e.g., weeks, months), providing unprecedented insight into the coastal dune evolution driven by marine and aeolian processes. The detailed morphological evolution of a 4-km section of beach-dune system is analyzed over a 6-month winter period, showing highly alongshore variable beach and incipient foredune wave-driven erosion, together with wind-driven inland migration of the established foredune by a few meters, and alongshore-variable sand deposition on the grey dune. In a context of widespread erosion, this photogrammetry approach via low-cost flexible and lightweight UAVs is well adapted for coastal research groups and coastal dune management stakeholders, including in developing countries where data are lacking.
(J. Mar. Sci. Eng. vol. 7, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, ONF