Dispersion des métaux de la mine au lagon : rôle du compartiment atmosphérique et dispersion au sein du compartiment biotique dulçaquicole et estuarien. Rapport scientifique final
Ce rapport du programme DMML « Dispersion des métaux de la mine au lagon » constitue le volume 1 (sur 4) du programme intégré « Dispersion et exposition humaine aux métaux en Nouvelle-Calédonie » composé de 3 projets (DMML, Dynamine, Métexpo) étudiant les métaux et leur toxicité sur des sites pilotes similaires.- Le programme DMML a proposé de caractériser le potentiel de dispersion des éléments métalliques traces (ETM) Ni, Cr, Co et Mn au sein des compartiments abiotiques (atmosphère et pédosphère) et d’évaluer la contamination métallique dans le compartiment biotique de l’hydrosphère ainsi que de déterminer les mécanismes de transferts trophiques. - La caractérisation des flux d’ETM au sein de l’hydrosphère est réalisée dans le programme « Dynamine ».
(pp. 192 p., 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, ISEA, UNC, ARTeHiS, MCC, UB, CNRS, GSMA, URCA, CNRS
Protective Effects of and Aqueous Extracts against Cadmium- and Mercury-Induced Toxicities
The extracts of and are widely used in the folk medicine. The potential protective effects of these extracts have been evaluated against cadmium in the yeast , and against mercurial contamination in zebrafish . In yeast, both extracts efficiently protected the Δ mutant strain exposed to cadmium chloride restoring the growth, the expression of stress-response genes and decreasing the level of oxidative stress. In zebrafish, the supplementation of methylmercury-contaminated diet with both plant extracts similarly protected fish through the suppression of the methylmercury-induced lipid peroxidation, decrease of acetylcholinesterase activity, and restoring the expression levels of stress-response genes. This study particularly demonstrates the protective potential of both aqueous extracts against methylmercury, and could represent an interesting alternative for the Amazonian fish-eating communities to cope with the impact of chronic exposure to contaminated diets.
(Toxicological Research. vol. 35, n° 1976-8257, pp. 25-35, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UFOPA
Devenir des micropolluants et bioindicateur lipidique en Zone de rejet végétalisée
(pp. 18, 18/10/2026)
UR REVERSAAL, IRSTEA, UB, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, IRSTEA
Statistiques pour les sciences environnementales
La quatrième de couverture indique : "L’outil statistique est devenu indispensable pour les sciences environnementales. Il s’insère à part entière dans la démarche scientifique depuis l’élaboration du plan d’échantillonnage jusqu’à l’obtention des résultats. Statistiques pour les sciences environnementales présente les notions fondamentales en statistiques (vocabulaire de base, principales lois de probabilités, etc.), et décrit la conception de plans d’échantillonnage et de plans expérimentaux. Il introduit également les grands principes des tests statistiques tels que la théorie de la décision, et offre des clefs permettant de choisir un test en adéquation avec les objectifs établis. Cet ouvrage traite des statistiques les plus usitées dans le domaine des sciences environnementales. Leur description est détaillée à partir d’exemples concrets et à travers l’utilisation du logiciel libre R dont l’utilisation est également présentée.
(pp. 293, 18/10/2026)
EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Modeling the Impact of the Implementation of a Submerged Structure on Surf Zone Sandbar Dynamics
Coastal defense strategies based on structures are increasingly unpopular as they are costly, leave lasting scars on the landscape, and sometimes have limited effectiveness or even adverse impacts. While a clear improvement concerning aesthetic considerations using soft submerged breakwater is undeniable, their design has often focused on wave transmission processes across the crest of the structure, overlooking short- to medium-term morphodynamic responses. In this study, we used a time- and depth-averaged morphodynamic model to investigate the impact of the implementation of a submerged breakwater on surf zone sandbar dynamics at the beach of Sete, SE France. The hydrodynamic module was calibrated with data collected during a field experiment using three current profilers deployed to capture rip-cell circulation at the edge of the structure. The model showed good agreement with measurements, particularly for the longshore component of the flow (RMSE = 0.07 m/s). Results showed that alongshore differential wave breaking at the edge of the submerged breakwater drove an intense (0.4 m/s) two-dimensional circulation for low- to moderate-energy waves. Simulations indicated that inner-bar rip channel development, which was observed prior to the submerged reef implementation, was inhibited in the lee of the structure as rip-cell circulation across the inner bar disappeared owing to persistently low-energy breaking waves. The cross-shore sandbar dynamics in the lee of the structure were also impacted due to the drastic decrease of the offshore-directed flow over the inner-bar during energetic events. This paper highlights that implementation of a submerged breakwater results in larges changes in nearshore hydrodynamics that, in turn, can affect overall surf zone sandbar behavior.
(Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. vol. 7, n° 2077-1312, pp. 117, 18/10/2026)
BRGM, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Transcriptomic response of the benthic freshwater diatom Nitzschia palea exposed to Few Layer Graphene
Nanotechnology currently undergoes a rising development partly due to the increasing use of carbon-based nanoparticles, such as Few Layer Graphene (FLG). Owing to their numerous applications, their industrial production is likely to lead to environmental release, including into aquatic ecosystems. In this study, a transcriptomic approach was used to assess the effect of FLG at low (0.1 mg.L-1) and high (50 mg.L-1) concentration on the benthic freshwater diatom Nitzschia palea after 48h of exposure. Direct contact with FLG and induced shading were distinguished to compare the transcriptomic responses. Differentially expressed genes between each exposure and control conditions were identified and their functional description was discussed. Slight transcriptomic response related to cell wall repair was observed in diatoms exposed to low FLG concentration. Exposure to high FLG concentration induced a strong response involving 1907 transcripts. Notably, 16 transcripts involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis process were under-expressed (Log2FoldChange between -3 and -1.2),suggesting a down-regulation of photosynthetic metabolism. Diatoms exposed to high FLG concentration over-expressed about 13 transcripts encoding for extracellular proteins playing a role in cellular adhesion, and two highly up-regulated transcripts involved in cell wall repair. Light deprivation caused by shading induced a down-regulation of genes involved in the energetic metabolism of N. palea. Overall, these results revealed that metabolic pathways impacted by FLG exposure were concentration contact-dependent. Moreover, this study suggests that low FLG concentration, close to environmental conditions, will have minor impact on diatom biofilms whereas high FLG concentration, mimicking accidental release, might be critical for ecosystems.
(Environmental science.Nano. vol. 6, n° 2051-8153, pp. 1363-1381, 18/10/2026)
LEFE, INEE-CNRS, CNRS, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, GBF, INRA, ENSAT, INP-ENSAT, AgroToulouse, INP-AgroToulouse, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, CIRIMAT, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, IUT Toulouse Auch Castres, UT3, Comue de Toulouse, INC-CNRS, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Comue de Toulouse, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Shaping adaptive governance in estuarine cities Bordeaux Metropole and Gironde estuary facing global change
URBEST research project examine emergent adaptive governance in estuarine cities in a context of climate change.
(pp. 12, 18/10/2026)
UR ETBX, IRSTEA, UR EABX, IRSTEA, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Plant interactions shape pollination networks via nonadditive effects
Plants grow in communities where they interact with other plants and with other living organisms such as pollinators. On the one hand, studies of plant–plant interactions rarely consider how plants interact with other trophic levels such as pollinators. On the other, studies of plant–animal interactions rarely deal with interactions within trophic levels such as plant–plant competition and facilitation. Thus, to what degree plant interactions affect biodiversity and ecological networks across trophic levels is poorly understood. We manipulated plant communities driven by foundation species facilitation and sampled plant–pollinator networks at fine spatial scale in a field experiment in Sierra Nevada, Spain. We found that plant–plant facilitation shaped pollinator diversity and structured pollination networks. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions on pollinator diversity and interaction diversity were synergistic in one foundation species networks while they were additive in another foundation species. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions were due to rewiring of pollination interactions. In addition, plant facilitation had negative effects on the structure of pollination networks likely due to increase in plant competition for pollination. Our results empirically demonstrate how different network types are coupled, revealing pervasive consequences of interaction chains in diverse communities.
(Ecology. vol. 100, n° 0012-9658, pp. e02619, 18/10/2026)
UZH, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS, UNIROMA, UAL, OUMNH, LSV Angers, LSV, ANSES, UNIBO
Correlating three centuries of historical and geological data for the marine deposit reconstruction of two depositional environments of the French Atlantic coast
This paper details a high-resolution record of French Atlantic coast extreme wave events using a multi-proxy analysis of dated sedimentary deposits. Two lagoons 1) the Petite Mer de Gâvres and 2) the Traicts du Croisic were chosen to identify damaging storm events from the last 300 years with Beeker sampling, 210Pb and 137Cs dating and sedimentary analysis. Using two new geochemical proxies in the French Atlantic coast, Sr/Fe and Ca/Ti, shows that several storminess events are reported in the nine cores drilled. By correlation with historical archives, seven major storms are confirmed: 1924 CE, 1940 CE, 1972 CE, 1977 CE, 1990 CE, 1999 CE, and an 1896 CE highly damaging event. Four other XIXth and XVIIIth century extreme wave event correlations are also proposed from this multi-proxy analysis: 1775 CE, 1811 CE, 1838 CE and 1876 CE. Societal and natural impacts caused by these coastal floods are revealed using our dense and varied historical archives.
(Marine Geology. vol. 407, n° 0025-3227, pp. 181-191, 18/10/2026)
OSUNA, UA, UN UFR ST, UN, IFSTTAR, INSU - CNRS, Cnam, CNRS, IMT Atlantique, IMT, LETG - Nantes, UNICAEN, NU, EPHE, PSL, UBO EPE, UR2, CNRS, IGARUN, UN, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS
Editorial for the Special Issue "Remote Sensing in Coastal Zone Monitoring and Management-How Can Remote Sensing Challenge the Broad Spectrum of Temporal and Spatial Scales in Coastal Zone Dynamic?
Coastal zones are sensitive areas responding at various scales (events to long-term trends) where the monitoring and management of physico-chemical, biological, morphological processes, and fluxes are highly challenging. They are directly affected by anthropization (urbanization, industrialization, agri-and aquaculture) and climate change (e.g., river discharges, waves, sea-level rise). Coastal waters only represent 15% of the global ocean, but concentrate 90% of commercial fisheries, contribute to 25% of global biological productivity, and represent 80% of the marine biodiversity, while being associated with an intensive tourism-related economy. The monitoring and management of coastal zones require past, present, and future observations adapted to quite diverse and dynamic environments. To complement field measurements, the use of remote sensing data provides useful information to map the hydromorphological (freshwater discharge, currents, shoreline evolution), physico-chemical (water transparency, temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, and pollutants), and biological (habitats, phytoplankton blooms) properties of the coastal zones. This special issue highlights how the monitoring of coastal zones benefits from both long-term (~40 years) and recent capabilities of remote sensing observations. It also provides new methodologies to optimize the combined use of multi-mission satellite/airborne data and field measurements for an integrated approach. Considering different types of coastal environments (bays, estuaries, sandy and muddy systems), several key land and water quality (vegetation, temperature, concentrations of suspended particulate matter and polychlorinated biphenyl, aquatic plants) and morphological (shorelines, mudbanks, wetlands) parameters can be remotely sensed at various spatial and temporal scales, using innovative methods and providing validated products.
(Remote Sensing. vol. 11, n° 2072-4292, pp. 1028, 18/10/2026)
LOV, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, IMEV, INSU - CNRS, SU, CNRS, EBD, CSIC, IAFE, CONICET, UBA, CSIRO, EPOC, EPHE, PSL, UB, INSU - CNRS, CNRS